Timbisha language

Timbisha
Panamint
Nümü nangkawih, Sosoni nangkawih
Native toUnited States
RegionCalifornia, Nevada
Ethnicity100 Timbisha (1998)[1]
Native speakers
20 (2007)[1]
Uto-Aztecan
  • Numic
    • Central Numic
      • Timbisha
Language codes
ISO 639-3par
Glottologpana1305
ELPPanamint
Panamint is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
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Timbisha (Tümpisa) or Panamint (also called Koso) is the language of the Native American people who have inhabited the region in and around Death Valley, California, and the southern Owens Valley since late prehistoric times. There are a few elderly individuals who can speak the language in California and Nevada, but none are monolingual, and all use English regularly in their daily lives. Until the late 20th century, the people called themselves and their language "Shoshone." The tribe then achieved federal recognition under the name Death Valley Timbisha Shoshone Band of California. This is an Anglicized spelling of the native name of Death Valley, tümpisa, pronounced [tɨmbiʃa], which means "rock paint" and refers to the rich sources of red ochre in the valley. Timbisha is also the language of the so-called "Shoshone" groups at Bishop, Big Pine, Darwin, Independence, and Lone Pine communities in California and the Beatty community in Nevada. It was also the language spoken at the former Indian Ranch reservation in Panamint Valley.

  1. ^ a b Timbisha at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)