Native name:
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|---|---|
 Timor as seen from space in 1989 | |
 Top: Political division of Timor between Indonesia and East Timor Bottom: Location of Timor in Indonesia | |
  Timor | |
| Geography | |
| Location | Southeast Asia |
| Coordinates | 9°14′S 124°56′E / 9.233°S 124.933°E |
| Area | 30,777 km2 (11,883 sq mi) |
| Area rank | 44th |
| Highest elevation | 2,963 m (9,720 ft) |
| Highest point | Ramelau |
| Administration | |
| Largest settlement | Dili (pop. 277,488 as of 2023[update]) |
| Province |  East Nusa Tenggara |
| Largest settlement | Kupang (West Timor) (pop. 455,850 as of 2021[update]) |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 3,311,735 (2020) |
| Pop. density | 107.6/km2 (278.7/sq mi) |
Timor (Portuguese: Ilha de Timor, Tetum: Illa Timór, Indonesian: Pulau Timor) is an island at the southern end of Maritime Southeast Asia, in the north of the Timor Sea. The island is divided between the sovereign states of East Timor in the eastern part and Indonesia in the western part. The Indonesian part, known as West Timor, constitutes part of the province of East Nusa Tenggara. Within West Timor lies an exclave of East Timor called Oecusse District. The island covers an area of 30,777 square kilometres (11,883 square miles). The name is a variant of timur, Malay for "east"; it is so called because it lies at the eastern end of the Lesser Sunda Islands. Mainland Australia is less than 500 km away, separated by the Timor Sea.