In vehicle dynamics, a tire model is a type of multibody simulation used to simulate the behavior of tires. In current vehicle simulator models, the tire model is the weakest and most difficult part to simulate.[1][2]
Tire models can be classified on their accuracy and complexity, in a spectrum that goes from more simple empirical models to more complex physical models that are theoretically grounded.[3] Empirical models include Hans B. Pacejka's Magic Formula, while physically based models include brush models (although they are still quite simplified), and more complex and detailed physical models include RMOD-K, FTire and Hankook.[4][3] Theoretically-based models can be in turn classified from more approximative to more complex ones, going for example from the solid model, to the rigid ring model, to the flexural (elastic) ring model (like the Fiala model), and the most complex ones based on finite element methods.[2]
Brush models were very popular in the 1960s and '70s, after which Pacejka's models became widespread for many applications.[5]
- ^ Rachel Evans Quantum leaps, Automotive Testing Technology International, September 2015, p.43 quote from MTS' Mark Gillian: "From an OEM perspective, thermal modelling may be overkill but the tire models are still the weak point of any vehicle model"
- ^ a b Yukio Nakajima (2019) Advanced Tire Mechanics, ch.11 pp.707-710
- ^ a b Monsma, Saskia (2015) Feel the Tire - Tire Influence on Driver’s Handling Assessmen, phd thesis at Aalto University, pp.19-20
- ^ Pacejka (2012) ch.2
- ^ Francesco Conte (2014) EXPANDING THE BRUSH TIRE MODEL FOR ENERGY STUDIES (Thesis) p.10