Tonyukuk

Tonyukuk
Tarkhan of the Second Turkic Khaganate
Reign681–716 or 717
Full name
Bilge Tuñuquq Boyla Baga Tarkan
Native name𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀 𐱃𐰆𐰪𐰸𐰸 𐰉𐰆𐰖𐰞𐰀 𐰉𐰍𐰀 𐱃𐰺𐰴𐰣 (in Old Turkic)
Other titlesApa Tarkan
BornAshide Yuanzhen
阿史德元珍
c. 646
Yulin, Tang dynasty (modern day Inner Mongolia)[1]
Diedc. 726 (aged 79–80)
Noble familyAshide
IssuePo Beg
OccupationCounsellor[2]
Grand vizier
Commander-in-chief
MemorialsTonyukuk inscriptions

Tonyukuk (Old Turkic: 𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀:𐱃𐰆𐰪𐰸𐰸, romanized: Bilgä Tuňuquq, lit. 'Tunyuquq the Wise',[3] Chinese: 暾欲谷; pinyin: Tunyugu, Chinese: 阿史德元珍; pinyin: Āshǐdé Yuánzhēn, born c. 646, died c. 726) was the baga-tarkhan (supreme commander) and adviser of four successive Göktürk khagans – Ilterish Qaghan, Qapaghan Qaghan, Inel Qaghan and Bilge Qaghan. He conducted victorious campaigns against various Turkic and non-Turkic steppe peoples, such as Tölis, Xueyantuo, Toquz Oguz, Yenisei Kyrgyz, Kurykans, Thirty Tatar, Khitan and Tatabi as well as the Tang dynasty.[4] He was described as a kingmaker by historians such as E. P. Thompson[5] and Peter Benjamin Golden.[6]

  1. ^ Schlegel, 1892, p. 13
  2. ^ Istanbul University Research Institute of Turkology (1979), I. Milletler Arası Türkoloji Kongresi: Türk dili ve edebiyatı, p. 381
  3. ^ İlhami DURMUŞ. "BİLGE TONYUKUK Tonyuquq the Wise" (in Turkish). 3 (1). Asya Araştırmaları Dergis. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  4. ^ Peter B. Golden, (1992), An Introduction to the History of the Turkic People, p. 137
  5. ^ Ülkü (in Turkish). Türkiye Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi. 1937. p. 352.
  6. ^ Peter B. Golden (2010). Central Asia in World History. p. 42.