Topological degeneracy

In quantum many-body physics, topological degeneracy is a phenomenon in which the ground state of a gapped many-body Hamiltonian becomes degenerate in the limit of large system size such that the degeneracy cannot be lifted by any local perturbations.[1]

  1. ^ Wen, X. G.; Niu, Q. (1 April 1990). "Ground-state degeneracy of the fractional quantum Hall states in the presence of a random potential and on high-genus Riemann surfaces" (PDF). Physical Review B. 41 (13). American Physical Society (APS): 9377–9396. Bibcode:1990PhRvB..41.9377W. doi:10.1103/physrevb.41.9377. ISSN 0163-1829. PMID 9993283.