 Cover of the issue 19 | |
| Editor | Hossein Towfigh |
|---|---|
| Categories | Satirical magazine |
| Frequency | Weekly |
| Founder | Hossein Towfigh |
| Founded | 1923 |
| Final issue | 1971 |
| Country | |
| Based in | Tehran |
| Language | Persian |
Towfigh, also known as Tawfiq, (Persian: توفیق) was a weekly satirical magazine which was published between 1923 and 1971 in Tehran, Iran, with some interruptions. It was among the critics of the Pahlavi rule.[1]
The journal went through three phases: from 1923 until 1939, under founding editor Hossein Towfigh the magazine was more nationalistic; from 1941 until 1953, under the son Mohammad-Ali Towfigh the magazine was more politically and government-critical; and later versions of the magazine under Towfigh brothers Hassan, Hossein, and Abbas, they focused on pure satire.[2]
- ^ گلونی (22 August 2018). "سخنرانی سید فرید قاسمی در بزرگداشت حسن توفیق". golvani.ir (in Persian). Retrieved 6 December 2022.
- ^ Abbas Milani (2008). Eminent Persians: The Men and Women Who Made Modern Iran, 1941-1979, Volumes One and Two. New York, NY: Syracuse University Press. pp. 406–409. ISBN 978-0-8156-0907-0.