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Transgender disenfranchisement is the prevention by bureaucratic, institutional and social barriers, of transgender individuals from voting or participating in other aspects of civic life. Transgender people may be disenfranchised if the sex indicated on their identification documents (which some states require voters to provide) does not match their gender presentation, and they may be unable to update necessary identity documents because some governments require individuals to undergo sex reassignment surgery first, which many cannot afford, are not medical candidates for, or do not want.[1][failed verification][2][failed verification]
Transgender individuals identifying outside the gender binary of male and female (non-binary) are even more frequently disenfranchised.[citation needed] This may be due to a lack of legal recognition for other genders, high fees, complex legal processes, and requirements for medical transition steps that many non-binary individuals cannot have or do not want especially since many such medical procedures are specifically for binary transgender individuals (such as sex reassignment surgery).
- ^ Lombardi, Emilia L.; Wilchins, Riki Anne; Priesing, Dana; Malouf, Diana (26 March 2002). "Gender Violence: Transgender Experiences with Violence and Discrimination". Journal of Homosexuality. 42 (1): 89–101. doi:10.1300/J082v42n01_05. PMID 11991568. S2CID 34886642.
- ^ Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation. "Groundbreaking Report Reflects Persistent Discrimination Against Transgender Community" Archived 2018-06-12 at the Wayback Machine, GLAAD, USA, February 4, 2011. Retrieved on 2011-02-24.