Transit-oriented development

The local government of Arlington County, Virginia encourages transit-oriented development within 14 to 12 mile (400 to 800 m) from the county's Washington Metro rapid transit stations, with mixed-use development, bikesharing and walkability.

In urban planning, transit-oriented development (TOD) is a type of urban development that maximizes the amount of residential, business and leisure space within walking distance of public transport.[1][2] It promotes a symbiotic relationship between dense, compact urban form and public transport use.[3] In doing so, TOD aims to increase public transport ridership by reducing the use of private cars and by promoting sustainable urban growth.[4]

TOD typically includes a central transit stop (such as a train station, or light rail or bus stop) surrounded by a high-density mixed-use area, with lower-density areas spreading out from this center, serving as part of an integrated transport network. TOD is also typically designed to be more walkable than other built-up areas, by using smaller block sizes and reducing the land area dedicated to automobiles.[5][6] Areas that center a transit station as a hub while building residential-focused TOD development in the immediate area are known as transit villages.

The densest areas of TOD are normally located within a radius of 14 to 12 mile (400 to 800 m) around the central transit stop, as this is considered to be an appropriate scale for pedestrians, thus solving the last mile problem.

  1. ^ Calthorpe, Peter (1993). The Next American Metropolis: Ecology, Community, and the American Dream. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. ISBN 9781878271686.
  2. ^ Cervero, Robert; et al. (2004). Transit Oriented Development in America: Experiences, Challenges, and Prospects. Washington: Transit Cooperative Research Program, Report 102. ISBN 978-0-309-08795-7. [1] Archived February 6, 2021, at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ Caves, R. W. (2004). Encyclopedia of the City. Routledge. p. 676. ISBN 978-0415862875.
  4. ^ Robert Cervero, Chris Ferrell and Steven Murphy (2002). Transit-Oriented Development and Joint Development in the United States: A Literature Review, Research Results Digest Number 52, Transit Cooperative Research Program.
  5. ^ "Transit-Oriented Development (TOD)". www.sustainablecitiesinstitute.org. Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
  6. ^ "What is TOD?". Institute for Transportation and Development Policy. July 24, 2014.