In power engineering, transmission congestion occurs when overloaded transmission lines in an electrical grid are unable to carry additional electricity flow due to the risk of overheating. During grid congestion, the transmission system operator (TSO) has to direct the providers to adjust their dispatch levels to accommodate the constraint.[1] In an electricity market a power plant may be able to produce electricity at a competitive price but cannot transmit the power to a willing buyer.[2] Congestion increases the electricity prices for some customers.[3]