Tricholoma

For the plant genus formerly known as Tricholoma, see Glossostigma.

Tricholoma
Tricholoma flavovirens
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Tricholomataceae
Genus: Tricholoma
Fries
Type species
Tricholoma equestre

Tricholoma is a genus of fungus that contains many fairly fleshy white-spored gilled mushrooms which are found worldwide generally growing in woodlands. These are ectomycorrhizal fungi, existing in a symbiotic relationship with various species of coniferous or broad-leaved trees. The generic name derives from Ancient Greek: τριχο-, romanized: tricho-, lit. 'hair' and Ancient Greek: λῶμα, romanized: loma, lit. 'fringe, border'[1] although only a few species (such as T. vaccinum) have shaggy caps which fit this description.

The most sought out species are the East Asian Tricholoma matsutake, also known as matsutake or songi, and the North American Tricholoma magnivelare species complex, also known as "ponderosa mushroom", "American matsutake", or "pine mushroom". Others are safe to eat, such as Tricholoma terreum, but there are a few poisonous members, such as T. pardinum, T. tigrinum and T. equestre.

Many species originally described within Tricholoma have since been moved to other genera. These include the Wood blewit (Clitocybe nuda), previously Tricholoma nudum, blewit (Clitocybe saeva), previously Tricholoma personatum, and St George's mushroom (Calocybe gambosa) previously Tricholoma gambosum.

Tricholomalides are neurotrophic diterpenoids isolated from species of Tricholoma.[2]

  1. ^ Nilson, Sven; Olle Persson (1977). Fungi of Northern Europe 2: Gill-Fungi. Penguin. p. 24. ISBN 0-14-063006-6.
  2. ^ Sachiko Tsukamoto, Abdulgafor D Macabalang, Keigo Nakatani, Yutaro Obara, Norimichi Nakahata, Tomihisa Ohta (2003). "Tricholomalides A-C, new neurotrophic diterpenes from the mushroom Tricholoma sp". J Nat Prod. 66 (12): 1578–1581. doi:10.1021/np030140x. PMID 14695800.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)