Trillium erectum

Trillium erectum
Blooming in Stephen's Gulch Conservation Area (Ontario, Canada).

Secure  (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Liliales
Family: Melanthiaceae
Genus: Trillium
Species:
T. erectum
Binomial name
Trillium erectum
Synonyms[2][3]
T. erectum var. erectum
    • Trillium acuminatum Raf.
    • Trillium atropurpureum M.A.Curtis ex L.C.Beck
    • Trillium atropurpureum Raf.
    • Trillium erectum var. atropurpureum (Michx.) Pursh
    • Trillium erectum var. blandum Jennison
    • Trillium erectum f. brevipedicellatum Louis-Marie
    • Trillium erectum var. cahnae Farw.
    • Trillium erectum f. cahnae (Farw.) Louis-Marie
    • Trillium erectum var. declinatum A.Gray
    • Trillium erectum var. flavum Torr.
    • Trillium erectum var. giganteum Louis-Marie
    • Trillium erectum var. horizontale Louis-Marie
    • Trillium erectum f. luteum Louis-Marie
    • Trillium erectum f. nigrescens Louis-Marie
    • Trillium erectum f. pallidandrum Vict. & J.Rousseau
    • Trillium erectum f. parviflorum Louis-Marie
    • Trillium erectum f. parvum Louis-Marie
    • Trillium erectum f. polymerum Vict.
    • Trillium erectum f. rubrostriatum Louis-Marie
    • Trillium erectum f. sessiloides B.Boivin
    • Trillium erectum var. sulcatum Barksd.
    • Trillium flavum Raf.
    • Trillium foetidum Salisb.
    • Trillium nutans Raf.
    • Trillium obovatum Pursh
    • Trillium pendulum Willd.
    • Trillium purpureum Elliott
    • Trillium rhomboideum Michx.
    • Trillium rhomboideum var. atropurpureum Michx.
    • Trillium spatulatum Raf.
T. erectum var. album
    • Trillium album (Michx.) Small
    • Trillium erectum f. albiflorum R.Hoffm.
    • Trillium rhomboideum var. album Michx.

Trillium erectum, the red trillium,[4] also known as wake robin,[5] purple trillium,[6] bethroot,[7] or stinking benjamin,[8] is a species of flowering plant in the family Melanthiaceae. The plant takes its common name "wake robin" by analogy with the European robin, which has a red breast heralding spring. Likewise Trillium erectum is a spring ephemeral plant whose life-cycle is synchronized with that of the forests in which it lives. It is native to the eastern United States and eastern Canada from northern Georgia to Quebec and New Brunswick.

Red Trillium
Red trillium close up, showing detail of ovary and stamens
  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference NatureServe was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference POWO:77172323-1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference POWO:258309-2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "​Trillium erectum​". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference FNA:242101991 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ Dickinson, T.; Metsger, D.; Bull, J.; & Dickinson, R. (2004) ROM Field Guide to Wildflowers of Ontario. Toronto:Royal Ontario Museum, p. 79.
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference USFS was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference Rathbone 2010 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).