 |
Tsardom of Bulgaria | |
|---|---|
| 913–1018 1185–1422 1878–1946 | |
 Flag of Bulgaria
| |
| Motto: Съ Нами Богъ God is with us | |
| Anthem: "Maritsa Rushes" Шуми Марица | |
.svg) Bulgaria during the reign of tsar Simeon the Great, 10th century | |
.svg) Bulgaria in 1914 | |
| Capital | Preslav (913–972) Skopje (972–992) Ohrid (992–1018) Tarnovo (1185–1393) Vidin & Nikopol (1393–1396/1422) Sofia (1908–1946) |
| Common languages | Old Bulgarian (913–1018) Middle Bulgarian (1185–1396/1422) Modern Bulgarian (1908–1946) |
| Religion | Bulgarian Orthodox (913–1018) Bulgarian Orthodox (1185–1204) Roman Catholic (1204–1235) Bulgarian Orthodox (1235–1396/1422) |
| Demonym(s) | Bulgarian |
| Government | Monarchy |
| Monarch | |
• 913–927 | Simeon I (first) |
• 1943–1946 | Simeon II (last) |
| Historical era | Middle Ages / World War I / World War II |
• Established | 913 |
• Disestablished | 1018 1185–1422 1878–1946 |
| ISO 3166 code | BG |
.svg)
The Tsardom of Bulgaria was the name of the Bulgarian state from Simeon's assumption of the title of Tsar in 913 until the Fatherland Front's foundation of the People's Republic of Bulgaria in 1946.
It occurred in three distinct periods: between the 10th and 11th centuries, again between the 12th and 15th centuries, and finally in the 20th century. The first and the second Bulgarian Tsardoms are not treated as separate entities, but rather as one state restored after a period of Byzantine rule over its territory. But the third Bulgarian Tsardom was restored after a period of more than four centuries of Ottoman rule, and the government principles of the Medieval period can not be applicable, so it was treated as separate state, which is just a successor of the Medieval Bulgarian Tsardoms.
While the title tsar was translated as "emperor" in the First and Second Bulgarian Empires, it was translated as "king" in modern Bulgarian language.