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Tuoba Liwei (Chinese: 拓拔力微; pinyin: Tuòbá Lìwéi) was the first leader of the Tuoba clan of the Xianbei people, in 219–277.[1][2][3] He was the ancestor of the future Northern Wei Dynasty and was thus posthumously honored as Emperor Shenyuan, with the temple name Shizu. Later, Emperor Wen of Western Wei changed his temple name to Taizu.
- ^ Liu, Puning (2020-12-21). China’s Northern Wei Dynasty, 386-535: The Struggle for Legitimacy. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-28314-3.
- ^ Crespigny, Rafe de (2016-10-18). Fire over Luoyang: A History of the Later Han Dynasty 23-220 AD. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-32520-3.
- ^ Steinhardt, Nancy Shatzman (2014-12-31). Chinese Architecture in an Age of Turmoil, 200-600. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-3822-5.