| Histidine kinase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | His_kinase | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF06580 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR016380 | ||||||||
| OPM superfamily | 281 | ||||||||
| OPM protein | 5iji | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| His Kinase A (phospho-acceptor) domain | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 solved structure of the homodimeric domain of EnvZ from Escherichia coli by multi-dimensional NMR. | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | HisKA | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF00512 | ||||||||
| Pfam clan | CL0025 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR003661 | ||||||||
| SMART | HisKA | ||||||||
| SCOP2 | 1b3q / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Histidine kinase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | HisKA_2 | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF07568 | ||||||||
| Pfam clan | CL0025 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR011495 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Histidine kinase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | HisKA_3 | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF07730 | ||||||||
| Pfam clan | CL0025 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR011712 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Signal transducing histidine kinase, homodimeric domain | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 structure of CheA domain p4 in complex with TNP-ATP | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | H-kinase_dim | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF02895 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR004105 | ||||||||
| SCOP2 | 1b3q / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Histidine kinase N terminal | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | HisK_N | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF09385 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR018984 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Osmosensitive K+ channel His kinase sensor domain | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | KdpD | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF02702 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR003852 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
In molecular biology, a two-component regulatory system serves as a basic stimulus-response coupling mechanism to allow organisms to sense and respond to changes in many different environmental conditions.[1] Two-component systems typically consist of a membrane-bound histidine kinase that senses a specific environmental stimulus, and a corresponding response regulator that mediates the cellular response, mostly through differential expression of target genes.[2] Although two-component signaling systems are found in all domains of life, they are most common by far in bacteria, particularly in Gram-negative and cyanobacteria; both histidine kinases and response regulators are among the largest gene families in bacteria.[3] They are much less common in archaea and eukaryotes; although they do appear in yeasts, filamentous fungi, and slime molds, and are common in plants,[1] two-component systems have been described as "conspicuously absent" from animals.[3]
- ^ a b Stock AM, Robinson VL, Goudreau PN (2000). "Two-component signal transduction". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 69 (1): 183–215. doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.69.1.183. PMID 10966457.
- ^ Mascher T, Helmann JD, Unden G (Dec 2006). "Stimulus perception in bacterial signal-transducing histidine kinases". Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews. 70 (4): 910–38. doi:10.1128/MMBR.00020-06. PMC 1698512. PMID 17158704.
- ^ a b Capra EJ, Laub MT (2012). "Evolution of two-component signal transduction systems". Annual Review of Microbiology. 66: 325–47. doi:10.1146/annurev-micro-092611-150039. PMC 4097194. PMID 22746333.