Typhoon Parma

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Typhoon Parma (Pepeng)

Parma at peak intensity on October 1
Meteorological history
Formed	September 27, 2009
Dissipated	October 14, 2009
Very strong typhoon
10-minute sustained (JMA)
Highest winds	185 km/h (115 mph)
Lowest pressure	930 hPa (mbar); 27.46 inHg
Category 4-equivalent super typhoon
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC)
Highest winds	250 km/h (155 mph)
Lowest pressure	922 hPa (mbar); 27.23 inHg
Overall effects
Fatalities	500 total
Damage	$617 million (2009 USD)
Areas affected	Caroline Islands Philippines Taiwan China Vietnam
IBTrACS
Part of the 2009 Pacific typhoon season

Typhoon Parma, known in the Philippines as Super Typhoon Pepeng, was the second-wettest typhoon to affect the Philippines, and the second typhoon to affect the country within the span of a week during September 2009.

Typhoon Parma was named by PAGASA as Pepeng when it entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility days after Typhoon Ketsana wreaked havoc on the country; Parma spared the capital and instead lashed the northern part of Luzon island. Parma added to the damage brought about by the earlier Typhoon Ketsana, affecting thousands of families on the north, especially in the province of Pangasinan where the San Roque Dam inadvertently released water to prevent its breach. However, in the first week of October, Parma interacted with the incoming Typhoon Melor on the Pacific (via a Fujiwhara interaction), rendering it stationary as it made landfall on Southern Taiwan. Days later, the greatly weakened Parma retreated back to Luzon, making further landfalls on Ilocos Norte and Cagayan. The now Severe Tropical Storm Parma then began to wane its strength, as it crossed Luzon island for the second time. It then emerged on the South China Sea as a tropical depression, before restrengthening into a tropical storm and striking Hainan and Vietnam before finally dissipating in October 14.

Parma's bizarre, long-lived, and erratic track over northern Luzon led to near-record levels of rainfall,^[1] causing devastating flooding that led to Parma becoming one of the deadliest typhoons to hit the Philippines in a decade. Due to the high death toll and damages, both the JMA and PAGASA retired Parma and Pepeng from their respective naming lists. Both storm names will never be used for another typhoon again.