| Tzeltal | |
|---|---|
| Batsʼil Kʼop | |
| Native to | Mexico |
| Region | Chiapas |
| Ethnicity | Tzeltal |
Native speakers | 590,000 (2020 census)[1] |
Mayan
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | tzh |
| Glottolog | tzel1254 |
| ELP | Tzeltal |
 Map showing languages of the Mayan family | |
Tzeltal or Tseltal (/ˈ(t)sɛltɑːl/)[2] is a Mayan language spoken in the Mexican state of Chiapas, mostly in the municipalities of Ocosingo, Altamirano, Huixtán, Tenejapa, Yajalón, Chanal, Sitalá, Amatenango del Valle, Socoltenango, Las Rosas, Chilón, San Juan Cancuc, San Cristóbal de las Casas and Oxchuc. Tzeltal is one of many Mayan languages spoken near this eastern region of Chiapas, including Tzotzil, Chʼol, and Tojolabʼal, among others. There is also a small Tzeltal diaspora in other parts of Mexico and the United States, primarily as a result of unfavorable economic conditions in Chiapas.[3]
The area in which Tzeltal is spoken can be divided in half by an imaginary north-south line; to the west, near Oxchuc, is the ancestral home of the Tzeltal people, predating Spanish colonials, while the eastern portion was settled primarily in the second half of the twentieth century.[3] Partially as a result of these migrations, during which the Tzeltal people and other cultural groups found each other in close proximity, four different dialects of Tzeltal have been described: north, central (including Oxchuc), south, and southeast, though the southeastern dialect is today spoken only by a few elderly and geographically dispersed speakers.[4] It is a living language with some 371,730 speakers as of 2005, including approximately 50,000 monolinguals.[5]
- ^ Lenguas indígenas y hablantes de 3 años y más, 2020 INEGI. Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020.
- ^ Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student's Handbook, Edinburgh
- ^ a b Polian 2006, p. 12.
- ^ Campbell, Lyle (1988). The linguistics of Southeast Chiapas, Mexico. Provo: Bringham Young UP.
- ^ Ethnologue: Languages of the World (unknown ed.). SIL International.[This citation is dated, and should be substituted with a specific edition of Ethnologue]