United Malays National Organisation | |
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| Malay name | Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Bersatu ڤرتوبوهن كبڠساءن ملايو برساتو |
| Chinese name | 马来民族统一机构 Mǎ lái mínzú tǒngyī jīgòu |
| Tamil name | தேசிய ஐக்கிய மலாய்க்காரர்கள் அமைப்பு Tēciya aikkiya malāykkārarkaḷ amaippu |
| Abbreviation | UMNO / امنو PEKEMBAR / ڤکمبر |
| President | Ahmad Zahid Hamidi |
| Chairperson | Badruddin Amiruldin |
| Secretary-General | Asyraf Wajdi Dusuki |
| First Deputy President | Mohamad Hasan |
| Second Deputy President (Women Chief) | Noraini Ahmad |
| Vice-President | Wan Rosdy Wan Ismail Mohamed Khaled Nordin Johari Abdul Ghani |
| Treasurer-General | Tengku Adnan Tengku Mansor |
| Youth Chief | Muhamad Akmal Saleh (Pemuda) Nurul Amal Mohd Fauzi (Puteri) |
| Founder | Onn Jaafar |
| Founded | 11 May 1946 |
| Legalised | 11 May 1946 13 February 1988 (UMNO Baru) |
| Preceded by | United Malays Organisation USNO (in Sabah) BERJAYA (in Sabah) |
| Headquarters | Tingkat 38, Menara Dato’ Onn, Putra World Trade Centre, Jalan Tun Ismail, 50480 Kuala Lumpur |
| Newspaper | New Straits Times[nb 1] Berita Harian[nb 2] Harian Metro[nb 3] |
| Youth wing | Pergerakan Pemuda UMNO |
| Women's wing | Wanita UMNO |
| Women's youth wing | Pergerakan Puteri UMNO |
| Student wing | Kelab Mahasiswa UMNO |
| Membership (2022) | 3,021,845[3] |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Right-wing |
| Religion | Sunni Islam |
| National affiliation | Alliance (1952–1973) Barisan Nasional (since 1973) |
| Colours | Red and white |
| Slogan | Bersatu, Bersetia, Berkhidmat (United, Loyal, In Service) |
| Anthem | Bersatu, Bersetia, Berkhidmat |
| Dewan Negara | 10 / 70 |
| Dewan Rakyat | 26 / 222 |
| Dewan Undangan Negeri | 110 / 611 |
| Chief minister of states | 4 / 13 |
| Sang Saka Bangsa | |
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| Website | |
| www umno-online | |
1. Red and white have been used since before independence. | |
| This article is part of a series on the |
| Politics of Malaysia |
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The United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), officially Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Bersatu (PEKEMBAR), is a nationalist right-wing[7] political party in Malaysia. As the oldest (but non-continuous) national political party within Malaysia (since its inception in 1946), UMNO has been known as Malaysia's "Grand Old Party".[8]
UMNO is a founding and the principal dominant member of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition, which taken along with its predecessor Alliance, had been the main governing party of Malaysia from the independence of Malaya in 1957 until its defeat in the 2018 general election. From 1957 to 2018, every Prime Minister of Malaysia was also the President of UMNO. It has since returned to power twice as a result of the 2020-2022 Malaysian political crisis, firstly as a partner in a Perikatan Nasional-led government and subsequently as the leading party in a BN-led government with UMNO vice-president Ismail Sabri serving as Prime Minister.
A race-focused party, UMNO's goals are to uphold the aspirations of Malay nationalism, the racial concept of Ketuanan Melayu (lit. Malay Supremacy), the dignity of the Malay race, the religion of Islam, as well as of the country itself.[9] The party also aspires to protect Malay culture as the national culture and to uphold, defend and expand Islam across Malaysia.[10][11]
In the 2018 UMNO leadership election, which was considered by many as crucial to the party's progression, former Deputy Prime Minister Ahmad Zahid Hamidi was elected UMNO president in a three-way contest, defeating former UMNO Youth Chief Khairy Jamaluddin, and UMNO veteran Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah.[12]
Cite error: There are <ref group=nb> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=nb}} template (see the help page).
- ^ "Straits Times subsidiary". The Straits Times. 5 September 1972. p. 9. Retrieved 14 May 2019.
- ^ "The New Straits Times Press". The Straits Times. 17 September 1972. p. 1. Retrieved 14 May 2019.
- ^ "Umno has over three million members, says secretary-general". New Straits Times. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
- ^ Helen Ting. "The Politics of National Identity in West Malaysia: Continued Mutation or Critical Transition? [The Politics of Ambiguity]" (PDF). Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University. J-Stage. p. 3/21 [33] and 5/21 [35].
UMNO came into being in 1946 under the impetus of the Anti-Malayan Union Movement based on this ideological understanding of ketuanan Melayu. Its founding president, Dato' Onn Jaafar, once said that the UMNO movement did not adhere to any ideology other than Melayuisme, defined by scholar Ariffin Omar as "the belief that the interests of the bangsa Melayu must be upheld over all else". Malay political dominance is a fundamental reality of Malaysian politics, notwithstanding the fact that the governing coalition since independence, the Alliance [subsequently expanded to form the Barisan Nasional or literally, the "National Front"], is multiethnic in its composition.
- ^ Jinna Tay; Graeme Turner (24 July 2015). Television Histories in Asia: Issues and Contexts. Routledge. pp. 127–. ISBN 978-1-135-00807-9.
- ^ Jan Senkyr (2013). "Political Awakening in Malaysia". KAS International Reports (7): 73–74.
the UMNO can be described as a national conservative Islamic party
- ^ Yee, Choong Pui (2 March 2012). "Malaysia's Right Wing Problem". thediplomat.com. The Diplomat. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
- ^ "Umno assembly grand old party dominant in all ways". The Straits Times. Retrieved 8 May 2021.
- ^ UMNO Online. UMNO's Constitution: Foundation and Goals. From: "UMNO Online - Perlembagaan". Archived from the original on 29 February 2012. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
- ^ UMNO Online. UMNO's Constitution: Goal 3.5. From:"UMNO Online - Perlembagaan". Archived from the original on 29 February 2012. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
- ^ UMNO Online. UMNO's Constitution: Goal 3.3. From:"UMNO Online - Perlembagaan". Archived from the original on 29 February 2012. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
- ^ "Umno elections historic, ensure party remains relevant, says Zahid – Nation | The Star Online". www.thestar.com.my. Retrieved 1 July 2018.