The Ulm Einsatzkommando trial (1958) was the first major trial of Nazi crimes under West German law (rather than by an international or military tribunal). Ten suspects, former members of the Einsatzkommando Tilsit, were charged for their involvement in war crimes committed in Lithuania, in 1941.[1] All were convicted as accessories to mass murder and were sentenced to prison terms ranging from three to fifteen years. The chief perpetrators were held to be those from whom the orders had come down.[2]