Ulster Scots dialect

Ulster Scots
Ulstèr-Scotch
Ullans
(Braid)
Scots,[1][2]
Scotch[3][4]
Native toIreland
RegionUlster
EthnicityUlster Scots people
Early forms
Official status
Recognised minority
language in
Regulated byThe cross-border Boord o Ulstèr-Scotch, established as a result of the Good Friday Agreement
Language codes
ISO 639-3–
Glottologulst1239
Linguasphere52-ABA-aa
(varieties: 52-ABA-aar to -aat)
IETFsco-ulster
Approximate boundaries of the traditional Scots language areas in Ulster, shaded in turquoise ■. Based on The Scotch-Irish Dialect Boundaries in Ulster (1972) by R. J. Gregg.[5]
Scots language
History
Dialects

Ulster Scots or Ulster-Scots (Ulstèr-Scotch, Irish: Albainis Uladh),[6][7] also known as Ulster Scotch and Ullans, is the dialect (whose proponents assert is a dialect of Scots) spoken in parts of Ulster, being almost exclusively spoken in parts of Northern Ireland and County Donegal.[5][8][9] It is normally considered a dialect or group of dialects of Scots, although groups such as the Ulster-Scots Language Society[10] and Ulster-Scots Academy[11] consider it a language in its own right, and the Ulster-Scots Agency[12] and former Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure[13] have used the term Ulster-Scots language.

Some definitions of Ulster Scots may also include Standard English spoken with an Ulster Scots accent.[14][15] This is a situation like that of Lowland Scots and Scottish Standard English[16] with words pronounced using the Ulster Scots phonemes closest to those of Standard English.[16] Ulster Scots has been influenced by Hiberno-English, particularly Ulster English, and by Ulster Irish. As a result of the competing influences of English and Scots, varieties of Ulster Scots can be described as "more English" or "more Scots".[15]

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference Traynor, 36 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ "Ulster-Scots – the Dialect of the Laggan". Askaboutireland.ie. Archived from the original on 5 May 2020. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference Traynor, 244 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Nic Craith M. (2002) Plural Identities—singular Narratives, Berghahn Books. p. 107
  5. ^ a b Gregg, R. J. (1972) "The Scotch-Irish Dialect Boundaries in Ulster" in Wakelin, M. F., Patterns in the Folk Speech of the British Isles, London: Athlone Press
  6. ^ "Ulster-Scots Agency". Ulster-Scots Agency. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  7. ^ "Anent Oorsels". Ulsterscotslanguage.com. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  8. ^ Macafee, C. (2001) "Lowland Sources of Ulster Scots" in J. M. Kirk & D. P. Ó Baoill, Languages Links: the Languages of Scotland and Ireland, Belfast: Cló Ollscoil na Banríona, p. 121
  9. ^ Harris, J. (1985) Phonological Variation and Change: Studies in Hiberno English, Cambridge, p. 15
  10. ^ "Language". Ulster-Scots Language Society. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
  11. ^ Montgomery, Michael. "An Academy established and the task begun: A report on work in progress". Ulster-Scots Academy. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
  12. ^ "An introduction to the Ulster-Scots Language". Ulster-Scots Agency. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
  13. ^ "Strategy to Enhance and Develop the Ulster-Scots Dialect, Heritage and Culture 2015–2035" (PDF). Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure (Northern Ireland). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 October 2015. Retrieved 17 May 2017.
  14. ^ Gregg, R. J. (1964) "Scotch-Irish Urban Speech in Ulster: a Phonological Study of the Regional Standard English of Larne, County Antrim" in Adams, G. B. Ulster Dialects: an Introductory Symposium, Cultura: Ulster Folk Museum
  15. ^ a b Harris, J. (1985) Phonological Variation and Change: Studies in Hiberno English, Cambridge. p. 14
  16. ^ a b Harris (1984) "English in the north of Ireland" in P. Trudgill, Language in the British Isles, Cambridge; p. 119