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| Nationalism |
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Ultranationalism or extreme nationalism is an extreme form of nationalism in which a country asserts or maintains detrimental hegemony, supremacy, or other forms of control over other nations (usually through violent coercion) to pursue its specific interests.[1][2][3] Ultranationalist entities have been associated with the engagement of political violence even during peacetime.[4]
In ideological terms, scholars such as the British political theorist Roger Griffin have found that ultranationalism arises from seeing modern nation-states as living organisms which are directly akin to physical people because they can decay, grow, and die, and additionally, they can experience rebirth. In stark, mythological ways, political campaigners have divided societies into those which are perceived as being degenerately inferior and those which are perceived as having great cultural destinies. Ultranationalism has been an aspect of fascism, with historic governments such as the regimes of Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany building on ultranationalist foundations by using specific plans for supposed widespread national renewal.[3]
Ultranationalism played a dominant role in the politics of the Empire of Japan, the Democratic Kampuchea, and the Socialist Republic of Romania. It has influenced parts of modern societies in Hungary, Israel, Russia, China, Saudi Arabia, and inspired terrorist groups in Sri Lanka and Greece. Ultranationalist characters have served as villains in multiple works of fictional media with popular acclaim.[5][6]
- ^ Ultranationalism. Oxford English Dictionary. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
- ^ Ultranationalism. Collins English Dictionary. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
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