| UN Security Council Resolution 874 | ||
|---|---|---|
 Region of conflict | ||
| Date | 14 October 1993 | |
| Meeting no. | 3,292 | |
| Code | S/RES/874 (Document) | |
| Subject | Armenia–Azerbaijan | |
Voting summary |
| |
| Result | Adopted | |
| Security Council composition | ||
Permanent members | ||
Non-permanent members | ||
| ||
United Nations Security Council resolution 874, adopted unanimously on 14 October 1993, reaffirmed sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Azerbaijani Republic and of all other States in the region, called for the preservation of the ceasefire, cessation of hostilities and withdrawal of forces from recently occupied districts of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and reaffirmed resolutions 822 (1993) and 853 (1993). The Council expressed its concern at "...the conflict in and around the Nagorny Karabakh region of the Azerbaijani Republic, and of the tensions between the Republic of Armenia and the Azerbaijani Republic...", and called upon the parties to observe the ceasefire agreed with by the government of Russia and OSCE Minsk Group.
Resolution 874 is the third document adopted by the UN Security Council on the Karabakh conflict.[1] For the peaceful settlement of the conflict, this document was reaffirmed and referred to in the following years, as were the other UN Security Council resolutions on the matter.[2]
Although the resolution called for a cessation of hostilities, this demand had not been implemented,[3] maintaining Azerbaijani districts under occupation,[4] in a way that non-implementation led the war in 2020.[5]
The council, after reiterating its support for the peace process, called on both sides to accept the OSCE's "Adjusted Timetable of Urgent Steps", which was agreed to by Armenia, rejected by Azerbaijan and the Karabakh authorities delayed responding.[6] The Karabakh authorities adopted a wait-and-see approach, and Azerbaijan rejected it because the "Adjusted Timetable" linked the withdrawal of Karabakh Armenian forces from occupied Azerbaijani territory with the lifting of Azerbaijan's embargo of Armenia. The Azerbaijani government complained of being treated like "the defeated side.[7][6] The "Adjusted Timetable" included proposals relating to withdrawal of forces from recently occupied territories and the removal of all obstacles to communications and transportation; all other issues not addressed, according to the council, should be settled through peaceful negotiation.
The resolution then called for an early convening of the OSCE Minsk Conference for the purpose of arriving at a negotiated settlement to the conflict, requesting the Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali to attend the Conference and to provide all possible assistance for the substantive negotiations that would take place. It also called on parties to refrain from violations of international humanitarian law and to allow unimpeded access for international organisations to deliver humanitarian aid.
Resolution 874 was also the first resolution on the topic of the conflict to urge states in the region to refrain from any hostile acts and from any interference or intervention which would lead to the widening of the conflict. At the end of October, fighting broke out at the Azerbaijani-Iranian border, and the subsequent deployment of Iranian forces by Iranian President Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani about the conflict at its border lead to further calls for states to refrain from interference in Resolution 884.[8]
The current resolution concluded by requesting the secretary-general, the chairman-in-office of the OSCE and the chairman of the OSCE Minsk Conference to continue to report to the council on the progress of the Minsk process and on all aspects of the situation on the ground.
- ^ Resolutions 822, 853, 874 and 884:
- "Resolution 822 (1993)" (PDF). unscr.com. United Nations Security Council. 30 April 1993.
- "Resolution 853 (1993)" (PDF). unscr.com. United Nations Security Council. 29 July 1993.
- "Resolution 874 (1993)" (PDF). unscr.com. United Nations Security Council. 14 October 1993.
- "Resolution 884 (1993)" (PDF). unscr.com. United Nations Security Council. 12 November 1993.
- ^ Resolutions of OIC, PACE and UNGA:
- "PACE Resolution 1416 (2005)". assembly.coe.int. Council of Europe Parliamentary Assembly (PACE). 25 January 2005. Archived from the original on 28 November 2010.
- "OIC Resolution 10/11 (2008)" (PDF). oic-oci.org. Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. 13–14 March 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 July 2011.
- "UNGA Resolution 62/243 (2008)". undocs.org. United Nations General Assembly. 14 March 2008.
- ^ Geukjian, Ohannes (2016). "From Escalation to Open Warfare (1991-4)". Ethnicity, Nationalism and Conflict in the South Caucasus: Nagorno-Karabakh and the Legacy of Soviet Nationalities Policy. London and New York: Routledge. pp. 199–202. ISBN 9781315580531.
...continuing in their defiant position of non-compliance with the UN Resolutions, the Karabakh Armenian forces launched an attack in the south-west of Azerbaijan. From August to October 1993, ... the attackers seized the Azerbaijani districts ... and occupied large swathes of territory.
- ^ Dawisha & Parrott 1997, p. 119: "A cease-fire was achieved in May 1994, after a decisive Armenian victory that included their occupation of approximately 20 percent of Azerbaijan's territory.".
- ^ Kucera, Joshua (29 September 2020). "As fighting rages, what is Azerbaijan's goal?". eurasianet.org. Archived from the original on 4 October 2020. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
- ^ a b Human Rights Watch/Helsinki (1994). Azerbaijan: Seven years of conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh. Human Rights Watch. p. 45. ISBN 978-1-56432-142-8.
- ^ "Human Rights Watch organization" (PDF). www.hrw.org. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
- ^ Croissant, Michael P. (1998). The Armenia–Azerbaijan conflict: causes and implications. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 94–95. ISBN 978-0-275-96241-8.