Urban forest inequity

Urban forest inequity, also known as shade inequity or tree canopy inequity,[1] is the inequitable distribution of trees, with their associated benefits, across metropolitan areas.[2] This phenomenon has a number of follow-on effects, including but not limited to measurable impacts on faunal biodiversity and the urban heat island effect.[3][4] Urban heat inequity occurs when intra-urban heat islands, with their associated negative physical and emotional health consequences, are more common and more intense in lower-income communities.[5][6]

Potential solutions to urban forest inequity include but are not limited to investment in marginalized communities, tree-planting initiatives, and more.[7] Examples of urban forest inequity can be seen in various cities across the world.[1][8][9][10][11]

  1. ^ a b Wolfsdorf, Isabella (2022). Shade Equity in Louisville, KY: Considering Environmental Justice in an Analysis of Urban Tree Canopy Inequality and Demographics (Thesis).[page needed]
  2. ^ Aznarez, Celina; Svenning, Jens-Christian; Pacheco, Juan Pablo; Have Kallesøe, Frederik; Baró, Francesc; Pascual, Unai (16 August 2023). "Luxury and legacy effects on urban biodiversity, vegetation cover and ecosystem services". npj Urban Sustainability. 3 (1): 47. Bibcode:2023npjUS...3...47A. doi:10.1038/s42949-023-00128-7. hdl:10810/66110.
  3. ^ Wood, Eric M.; Esaian, Sevan (2020). "The importance of street trees to urban avifauna". Ecological Applications. 30 (7): e02149. Bibcode:2020EcoAp..30E2149W. doi:10.1002/eap.2149. JSTOR 27029104. PMC 7583466. PMID 32340072.
  4. ^ Ryu, Young-Hee; Baik, Jong-Jin (2012). "Quantitative Analysis of Factors Contributing to Urban Heat Island Intensity". Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. 51 (5): 842–854. Bibcode:2012JApMC..51..842R. doi:10.1175/JAMC-D-11-098.1. JSTOR 26175140. ProQuest 1014268224.
  5. ^ US EPA, OAR (2019-11-06). "Heat Islands and Equity". www.epa.gov. Retrieved 2024-04-03.
  6. ^ "The Inequitable Distribution of Urban Trees". earthobservatory.nasa.gov. 2022-09-19. Retrieved 2024-04-03.
  7. ^ Gerrish, Ed; Watkins, Shannon Lea (February 2018). "The relationship between urban forests and income: A meta-analysis". Landscape and Urban Planning. 170: 293–308. doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2017.09.005. PMC 5726445. PMID 29249844.
  8. ^ Wu, Jiayu; He, Qingsong; Chen, Yunwen; Lin, Jian; Wang, Shantong (May 2020). "Dismantling the fence for social justice? Evidence based on the inequity of urban green space accessibility in the central urban area of Beijing". Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science. 47 (4): 626–644. doi:10.1177/2399808318793139.
  9. ^ Mitchell, Bruce C.; Chakraborty, Jayajit; Basu, Pratyusha (30 April 2021). "Social Inequities in Urban Heat and Greenspace: Analyzing Climate Justice in Delhi, India". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 18 (9): 4800. doi:10.3390/ijerph18094800. PMC 8124940. PMID 33946259.
  10. ^ Openlands (2017-02-01). "Chicago's Urban Forest". Openlands. Retrieved 2024-04-03.
  11. ^ Fernández-Álvarez, Rafael (2017). "Inequitable distribution of green public space in Mexico City: an environmental injustice case". Economía, sociedad y territorio. 17 (54): 399–428. doi:10.22136/est002017697.