User:Chaosdruid/sandbox8

United East India Company[a]
Native name
  • Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie
  • Generale Vereenichde Geoctrooieerde Compagnie (original name)
  • Verenigde Nederlandsche Geoctroyeerde Oostindische Compagnie (formal name)
Company type
IndustryProto-conglomerate[b]
Predecessor
Voorcompagnieën/Pre-companies (1594–1602)[c]
Founded20 March 1602 (1602-03-20),[8] by a government-directed consolidation of the voorcompagnieën/pre-companies
FounderJohan van Oldenbarnevelt and the States-General
Defunct31 December 1799 (1799-12-31)
FateDissolved and nationalised as Dutch East Indies
Headquarters
Area served
Key people
ProductsSpices,[2] silk, porcelain, metals, livestock, tea, grain, rice, soybeans, sugarcane,[3][4] wine,[5][6][7] coffee
The "United East India Company", or "United East Indies Company" (also known by the abbreviation "VOC" in Dutch) was the brainchild of Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, the leading statesman of the Dutch Republic.
Amsterdam VOC HQ
Replica of the VOC ship Duyfken under sail


Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference AtsushiOta was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference LowyInstitute was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ a b Shih, Chih-Ming; Yen, Szu-Yin (2009). "The Transformation of the Sugar Industry and Land Use Policy in Taiwan", in Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering [8:1], pp. 41–48
  4. ^ a b Tseng, Hua-pi (2016). "Sugar Cane and the Environment under Dutch Rule in Seventeenth Century Taiwan", in Environmental History in the Making, pp. 189–200
  5. ^ a b Estreicher, Stefan K. (2014), "A Brief History of Wine in South Africa". European Review 22(3): pp. 504–537. doi:10.1017/S1062798714000301
  6. ^ a b Fourie, Johan; von Fintel, Dieter (2014), "Settler Skills and Colonial Development: The Huguenot ine-Makers in Eighteenth-Century Dutch South Africa". The Economic History Review 67(4): 932–963. doi:10.1111/1468-0289.12033
  7. ^ a b Williams, Gavin (2016), "Slaves, Workers, and Wine: The 'Dop System' in the History of the Cape Wine Industry, 1658–1894". Journal of Southern African Studies 42(5): 893–909
  8. ^ "The Dutch East India Company (VOC)". Canon van Nederland. Archived from the original on 1 December 2010. Retrieved 19 March 2011.