V838 Monocerotis

V838 Monocerotis

Hubble Space Telescope image of V838 Monocerotis and the surrounding nebula on September 9, 2006
Credit: NASA/ESA
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Monoceros
Right ascension 07h 04m 04.822s[1]
Declination −03° 50′ 50.53″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 6.75 (2002), 15.6[2]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage M-type supergiant[3]
Spectral type M7.5I -> M5.5I + B3V[3]
Variable type LRN[3]
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ) RA: −0.536±0.229[4] mas/yr
Dec.: −0.078±0.174[4] mas/yr
Parallax (π)0.163 ± 0.016 mas[5]
Distance19,200 ly
(5,900±400[6] pc)
Details
Mass5 – 10[7] M☉
Radius464[8] R☉
Luminosity23,000[8] L☉
Temperature3,300[8] K
Age4[9] Myr
Other designations
V838 Mon, Nova Monocerotis 2002, GSC 04822-00039
Database references
SIMBADdata

V838 Monocerotis (Nova Monocerotis 2002) is a cataclysmic binary star in the constellation Monoceros about 19,000 light years (6 kpc) from the Sun. The previously unremarked star was observed in early 2002 experiencing a major outburst, and was one of the largest known stars for a short period following the outburst.[10] Originally believed to be a typical nova eruption, it was then identified as the first of a new class of eruptive variables known as luminous red novae. The reason for the outburst is still uncertain, but is thought to have been a merger of two stars within a triple system.

The eruption occurred on one of two B3 main sequence stars in a close binary orbit. The erupting star appeared as an unusually cool supergiant and for a while engulfed its companion. By 2009 the temperature of the supergiant had increased (since 2005) to 3,270 K and its luminosity was 15,000 times solar (L☉), but its radius had decreased to 380 times that of the Sun (R☉), although the ejecta continues to expand.[11]

  1. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference mobeen2021 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference Bond2003 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ a b c Goranskij, V. P.; Barsukova, E. A.; Burenkov, A. N.; Valeev, A. F.; Zharova, A. V.; Kroll, P.; Metlova, N. V.; Shugarov, S. Yu. (2020). "Progenitor and Remnant of the Luminous Red Nova V838 Monocerotis". Astrophysical Bulletin. 75 (3): 325–349. Bibcode:2020AstBu..75..325G. doi:10.1134/S1990341320030049. S2CID 221839336.
  4. ^ a b Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference reid2019 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ Ortiz-León, Gisela N.; Menten, Karl M.; Kamiński, Tomasz; Brunthaler, Andreas; Reid, Mark J.; Tylenda, Romuald (2020). "SiO maser astrometry of the red transient V838 Monocerotis". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 638: A17. arXiv:2004.01488. Bibcode:2020A&A...638A..17O. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202037712. S2CID 214794885.
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference Tylenda2005b was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ a b c Kamiński, Tomek; Tylenda, Romuald; Kiljan, Aleksandra; Schmidt, Mirek; Lisiecki, Krzysztof; Melis, Carl; Frankowski, Adam; Joshi, Vishal; Menten, Karl M. (2021). "V838 Monocerotis as seen by ALMA: A remnant of a binary merger in a triple system". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 655: A32. arXiv:2106.07427. Bibcode:2021A&A...655A..32K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141526. S2CID 235422695.
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference Munari2005 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference Tylenda2005 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Tylenda, R.; Kamiński, T.; Schmidt, M.; Kurtev, R.; Tomov, T. (2011). "High-resolution optical spectroscopy of V838 Monocerotis in 2009". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 532: A138. arXiv:1103.1763. Bibcode:2011A&A...532A.138T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201116858. S2CID 118649108.