| Delta Hexatoxin Hv1a | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 3D stick model of delta-hexatoxin-Hv1 (versutoxin) | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | δ-HXTX-Hv1a | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF05353 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR008017 | ||||||||
| OPM superfamily | 112 | ||||||||
| OPM protein | 1vtx | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Delta hexatoxin Hv1 (δ-HXTX-Hv1a, Versutoxin, or Versutotoxin, formerly known as Delta atracotoxin Hv1 and δ-ACTX-Hv1a)[1] is a neurotoxic component found in the venom of the Australian funnel web spider (Atrax robustus).
Delta hexatoxin Hv1 can result in fatality for primates, by downregulating the inactivation of voltage gated sodium ion channels (VGSCs) found in motor neurons.
The structure of versutoxin contains a central beta region with a cystine knot motif, commonly found in other neurotoxic polypeptides, but not found in sea anemone or alpha-scorpion toxins despite their similar effects in terms of sodium channel modulation.[2][3]
- ^ Deuis, Jennifer R.; Mueller, Alexander; Israel, Mathilde R.; Vetter, Irina (2017-12-01). "The pharmacology of voltage-gated sodium channel activators". Neuropharmacology. Venom-derived Peptides as Pharmacological Tools. 127: 87–108. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.04.014. ISSN 0028-3908. PMID 28416444. S2CID 46442872.
- ^ Fletcher JI, Chapman BE, Mackay JP, Howden ME, King GF (November 1997). "The structure of versutoxin (delta-atracotoxin-Hv1) provides insights into the binding of site 3 neurotoxins to the voltage-gated sodium channel". Structure. 5 (11): 1525–1535. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(97)00301-8. PMID 9384567.
- ^ Lüddecke T, Herzig V, von Reumont BM, Vilcinskas A (August 2021). "The biology and evolution of spider venoms". Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society. 97 (1): 163–178. doi:10.1111/brv.12793. PMID 34453398. S2CID 237342144.