Via Panisperna boys (Italian: I ragazzi di Via Panisperna) is the name given to a group of young Italian scientists led by Enrico Fermi, who worked at the Royal Physics Institute of the University of Rome La Sapienza. In 1934 they made the famous discovery of slow neutrons. This later enabled development of the nuclear reactor and construction of the first atomic bomb.
The nickname of the group comes from the address of the Institute, located in a street of Rione Monti in the city centre. It was named after a nearby monastery, San Lorenzo in Panisperna.
The other members of the group were Edoardo Amaldi, Oscar D'Agostino, Ettore Majorana, Bruno Pontecorvo, Franco Rasetti and Emilio Segrè. All were physicists, except for D'Agostino, who was a chemist.