Vigabatrin

Vigabatrin
Clinical data
Pronunciation/vaɪˈɡæbətrɪn/
vy-GAB-ə-trin
Trade namesSabril, others
Other namesγ-Vinyl-GABA
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa610016
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: D
Routes of
administration		By mouth
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability80–90%
Protein binding0%
Metabolismnot metabolized
Elimination half-life5–8 hours in young adults, 12–13 hours in the elderly.
ExcretionKidney
Identifiers
  • (RS)-4-aminohex-5-enoic acid
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.165.122 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC6H11NO2
Molar mass129.159 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point171 to 177 °C (340 to 351 °F)
  • O=C(O)CCC(\C=C)N
  • InChI=1S/C6H11NO2/c1-2-5(7)3-4-6(8)9/h2,5H,1,3-4,7H2,(H,8,9) checkY
  • Key:PJDFLNIOAUIZSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Vigabatrin, sold under the brand name Sabril among others, is a medication used in the management and treatment of infantile spasms and refractory complex partial seizures.

It works by inhibiting the breakdown of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). It is also known as γ-vinyl-GABA, and is a structural analogue of GABA, but does not bind to GABA receptors.[7]

Vigabatrin is generally used only in cases of treatment-resistant epilepsy due to the risk of permanent vision loss.[8] Although estimates of visual field loss vary substantially, risk appears to be lower among infants with treatment duration less than 12 months and the risk of clinically meaningful vision loss is very low among children treated for infantile spasms.[9][10]

  1. ^ Anvisa (March 31, 2023). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published April 4, 2023). Archived from the original on August 3, 2023. Retrieved August 16, 2023.
  2. ^ "Sabril- vigabatrin tablet, film coated". DailyMed. October 20, 2021. Retrieved September 5, 2024.
  3. ^ "Sabril- vigabatrin powder, for solution". DailyMed. October 20, 2021. Retrieved September 5, 2024.
  4. ^ "Vigafyde- vigabatrin solution". DailyMed. August 23, 2024. Retrieved September 5, 2024.
  5. ^ "Vigadrone- vigabatrin tablet". DailyMed. July 14, 2023. Retrieved September 5, 2024.
  6. ^ "Vigpoder- vigabatrin powder, for solution". DailyMed. March 20, 2024. Retrieved September 5, 2024.
  7. ^ Long PW (2003). "Vigabatrin". Drug Monograph. Internet Mental Health. Archived from the original on April 23, 2006.
  8. ^ "Sabril (vigabatrin) Tablets for Oral Use, Powder for Oral Solution. Full Prescribing Information" (PDF). Lundbeck.
  9. ^ Hussain SA, Schmid E, Peters JM, Goyal M, Bebin EM, Northrup H, et al. (Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Autism Center of Excellence Network) (2018). "High vigabatrin dosage is associated with lower risk of infantile spasms relapse among children with tuberous sclerosis complex". Epilepsy Research. 148: 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2018.09.016. PMC 6347124. PMID 30296632.
  10. ^ Schwarz MD, Li M, Tsao J, Zhou R, Wu YW, Sankar R, et al. (2016). "A lack of clinically apparent vision loss among patients treated with vigabatrin with infantile spasms: The UCLA experience". Epilepsy & Behavior. 57 (Pt A): 29–33. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.01.012. PMID 26921595.