Vinyl chloride

Vinyl chloride
Structural formula of vinyl chloride
Structural formula of vinyl chloride
Space-filling model
Space-filling model
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Chloroethene
Other names
Vinyl chloride monomer
VCM
Chloroethylene
Refrigerant-1140
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
1731576
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.756 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 200-831-0
100541
KEGG
RTECS number
  • KU9625000
UNII
UN number 1086
  • InChI=1S/C2H3Cl/c1-2-3/h2H,1H2 checkY
    Key: BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/C2H3Cl/c1-2-3/h2H,1H2
    Key: BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYAW
  • ClC=C
Properties
C2H3Cl
Molar mass 62.50 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless gas
Odor pleasant[1]
Density 0.911 g/cc
Melting point −153.8 °C (−244.8 °F; 119.3 K)
Boiling point −13.4 °C (7.9 °F; 259.8 K)
2.7 g/L (0.0432 mol/L)
Vapor pressure 2580 mmHg at 20 °C (68 °F)
-35.9·10−6 cm3/mol
Thermochemistry
0.8592 J/K/g (gas)
0.9504 J/K/g (solid)
−94.12 kJ/mol (solid)
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS02: FlammableGHS08: Health hazard
Danger
H220, H350
P201, P202, P210, P281, P308+P313, P377, P381, P403, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasFlammability 4: Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will burn readily. Flash point below 23 °C (73 °F). E.g. propaneInstability 2: Undergoes violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures, reacts violently with water, or may form explosive mixtures with water. E.g. white phosphorusSpecial hazards (white): no code
3
4
2
Flash point −61 °C (−78 °F; 212 K)
Explosive limits 3.6–33%[1]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 1 ppm C 5 ppm [15-minute][1]
REL (Recommended)
 Ca[1]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 Ca [N.D.][1]
Related compounds
Related chloroethenes
 dichloroethylenes, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, allyl chloride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Vinyl chloride is an organochloride with the formula H2C=CHCl. It is also called vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) or chloroethene. This colorless compound is an important industrial chemical chiefly used to produce the polymer polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Vinyl chloride monomer is among the top twenty largest petrochemicals (petroleum-derived chemicals) in world production.[2] The United States remains the largest vinyl chloride manufacturing region because of its low-production-cost position in chlorine and ethylene raw materials. China is also a large manufacturer and one of the largest consumers of vinyl chloride.[3] Vinyl chloride is a flammable gas that has a sweet odor and is carcinogenic. It can be formed in the environment when soil organisms break down chlorinated solvents. Vinyl chloride that is released by industries or formed by the breakdown of other chlorinated chemicals can enter the air and drinking water supplies. Vinyl chloride is a common contaminant found near landfills.[4] Before the 1970s, vinyl chloride was used as an aerosol propellant and refrigerant.[5][6]

  1. ^ a b c d e NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0658". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference Ullmann was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ "Vinyl Chloride Monomer (VCM) – Chemical Economics Handbook". S&P Global. Archived from the original on 18 August 2014. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  4. ^ "Vinyl Chloride". Wisconsin Department of Health Services. 2018-01-30. Archived from the original on 2023-02-07. Retrieved 2023-02-07.
  5. ^ Fralish, Matthew S.; Downs, John W. (June 21, 2022). "Vinyl Chloride Toxicity". National Library of Medicine. PMID 31335054. Archived from the original on February 21, 2023. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
  6. ^ "Vinyl Chloride Monomer (VCM)". Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water. Archived from the original on 2023-02-06.