Virosphere

Virosphere (virus diversity, virus world, global virosphere) was coined to refer to all those places in which viruses are found or which are affected by viruses.[1][2] However, more recently virosphere has also been used to refer to the pool of viruses that occurs in all hosts and all environments,[3] as well as viruses associated with specific types of hosts (prokaryotic virosphere,[4] archaeal virosphere,[5] Invertebrate  virosphere),[6] type of genome  (RNA virosphere,[7] dsDNA virosphere)[8] or ecological niche (marine virosphere).[9]

  1. ^ "World Wide Words: Virosphere". World Wide Words. Retrieved 2023-04-13.
  2. ^ Suttle, Curtis (2005). "The viriosphere: the greatest biological diversity on Earth and driver of global processes". Environmental Microbiology. 7 (4): 481–482. Bibcode:2005EnvMi...7..481S. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2005.803_11.x. ISSN 1462-2912. PMID 15816923. S2CID 40555592.
  3. ^ Abroi, Aare; Gough, Julian (2011). "Are viruses a source of new protein folds for organisms? – Virosphere structure space and evolution". BioEssays. 33 (8): 626–635. doi:10.1002/bies.201000126. ISSN 1521-1878. PMID 21633962. S2CID 6680980.
  4. ^ Krupovic, Mart; Prangishvili, David; Hendrix, Roger W.; Bamford, Dennis H. (2011). "Genomics of Bacterial and Archaeal Viruses: Dynamics within the Prokaryotic Virosphere". Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews. 75 (4): 610–635. doi:10.1128/mmbr.00011-11. PMC 3232739. PMID 22126996.
  5. ^ Prangishvili, David; Bamford, Dennis H.; Forterre, Patrick; Iranzo, Jaime; Koonin, Eugene V.; Krupovic, Mart (December 2017). "The enigmatic archaeal virosphere". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 15 (12): 724–739. doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.125. ISSN 1740-1534. PMID 29123227. S2CID 21789564.
  6. ^ Shi, Mang; Lin, Xian-Dan; Tian, Jun-Hua; Chen, Liang-Jun; Chen, Xiao; Li, Ci-Xiu; Qin, Xin-Cheng; Li, Jun; Cao, Jian-Ping; Eden, John-Sebastian; Buchmann, Jan (December 2016). "Redefining the invertebrate RNA virosphere". Nature. 540 (7634): 539–543. Bibcode:2016Natur.540..539S. doi:10.1038/nature20167. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 27880757. S2CID 1198891.
  7. ^ Urayama, Syun-ichi; Takaki, Yoshihiro; Nishi, Shinro; Yoshida-Takashima, Yukari; Deguchi, Shigeru; Takai, Ken; Nunoura, Takuro (2018). "Unveiling the RNA virosphere associated with marine microorganisms". Molecular Ecology Resources. 18 (6): 1444–1455. doi:10.1111/1755-0998.12936. ISSN 1755-0998. PMID 30256532. S2CID 52821905.
  8. ^ Iranzo, Jaime; Krupovic, Mart; Koonin, Eugene V. (2016). "The Double-Stranded DNA Virosphere as a Modular Hierarchical Network of Gene Sharing". mBio. 7 (4). doi:10.1128/mbio.00978-16. PMC 4981718. PMID 27486193.
  9. ^ Mizuno, Carolina Megumi; Rodriguez-Valera, Francisco; Kimes, Nikole E.; Ghai, Rohit (2013-12-12). "Expanding the Marine Virosphere Using Metagenomics". PLOS Genetics. 9 (12): e1003987. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003987. ISSN 1553-7404. PMC 3861242. PMID 24348267.