It is a manifestation of distributed collaborative networks.[7] A virtual enterprise is a particular case of virtual organization.[8]
Virtual enterprises have become increasingly common in the area of research and development, with often far-flung organizations forming alliances that amount to a "Virtual Research Laboratory."[9][10] Vassiliou (2007)[11] outlined a broad continuum of possible virtual laboratory relationships, ranging from relatively simple outsourcing by a central organization to tightly knit consortia of collaborating entities.
^JANUŠKA, M. Communication as a key factor in Virtual Enterprise paradigm support. In Innovation and Knowledge Management: A Global Competitive Advantage. Kuala Lumpur: International Business Information Management Association (IBIMA), 2011. s. 1-9. ISBN978-0-9821489-5-2
^JANUŠKA, M., KURKIN, O., MILLER, A. Communication Environment for Small and Medium Enterprises. Ibima Business Review, 2011, s. 1-8. ISSN1947-3788
^JANUŠKA, M., CHODŮR, M. Virtual Enterprise Network. ISSE 2009: 32nd International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology: Hetero System Integration, the path to New Solutions in the Modern Electronics, Brno, 2009., ISBN978-80-214-3874-3
^JANUŠKA, M., PÁLKA, P., ŠŮLOVÁ, D., CHODŮR, M. Value chain of virtual enterprise - Possible modern management concepts and value drivers identification. In Annals of DAAAM for 2009 and 20th International DAAAM Symposium "Intelligent Manufacturing and Automation: Focus on Theory, Practice and Education". Vienna: Danube Adria Association for Automation and Manufacturing, DAAAM, 2009. s. 469-470. ISBN978-3-901509-70-4 , ISSN1726-9679
^Luis M. Camarinha-Matos; Hamideh Afsarmanesh (July 2007). "A Comprehensive Modeling Framework for Collaborative Networked Organizations". Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing. 18 (5): 529–542. doi:10.1007/s10845-007-0063-3. S2CID26558738.
^Handy, C., “A Glimpse of the Invisible Organization,” Director, October 1994, p. 101.
^Luis M. Camarinha-Matos; Hamideh Afsarmanesh (July 2007). "A Comprehensive Modeling Framework for Collaborative Networked Organizations". Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing. 18 (5): 529–542. doi:10.1007/s10845-007-0063-3. S2CID26558738.
^Russell, M.G., “The ‘Virtual Laboratory’: Alliances for Technology Transfer,” Proc. Twenty-Seventh Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 1994, pp. 478–482.
^Kobrin, S.J., J.T. Battenberg, P. Hewitt, P.J. Jennings, J. Joerres, S. Kumar, F. Mer, “Worldsourcing’s Next Frontier: R&D,” World Economic Forum Annual Meeting, Davos, Switzerland, 2004.
^Vassiliou, Marius (2007), “The Virtual Research Laboratory,” Proc. 2007 IEEE Aerospace Conference.