Voiced palatal approximant

For consonants followed by superscript ʲ, see Palatalization (phonetics).
Voiced palatal approximant
j
IPA Number153
Audio sample
Encoding
Entity (decimal)j
Unicode (hex)U+006A
X-SAMPAj
Braille⠚ (braille pattern dots-245)
Voiced alveolo-palatal approximant
j˖

The voiced palatal approximant is a type of consonant used in many spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨j⟩. The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is j, and in the Americanist phonetic notation it is ⟨y⟩. Because the English name of the letter J, jay, starts with [dʒ] (voiced postalveolar affricate), the approximant is sometimes instead called yod (jod), as in the phonological history terms yod-dropping and yod-coalescence.

The palatal approximant can often be considered the semivocalic equivalent of the close front unrounded vowel [i]. They alternate with each other in certain languages, such as French, and in the diphthongs of some languages as ⟨j⟩ and ⟨i̯⟩, with the non-syllabic diacritic used in different phonetic transcription systems to represent the same sound.

A voiced alveolo-palatal approximant is attested as phonemic in the Huastec language,[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] and is represented as an advanced voiced palatal approximant ⟨j̟⟩,[8][3] or the plus sign may be placed after the letter, ⟨j˖⟩.

  1. ^ Larsen, R.S.; Pike, E.V. (1949). "Huasteco Intonations and Phonemes". Language. 25: 268–27. doi:10.2307/410088. JSTOR 410088.
  2. ^ Ochoa Peralta, María Angela (1984). El idioma huasteco de Xiloxuchil, Veracruz. México: Instituto Nacional de Antropolog'ia e Historia. pp. 33–34. SEMIVOCAL ALVEOPALATAL SONORA Tiene dos alófonos: [y] semivocal alveopalatal sonora, y [Y] semivocal alveopalatal sorda.
  3. ^ a b "UPSID HUASTECO". web.phonetik.uni-frankfurt.de. Retrieved 2023-12-30. voiced palato-alveolar approximant
  4. ^ "Simple UPSID interface". web.phonetik.uni-frankfurt.de. Retrieved 2023-12-30.
  5. ^ Maddieson, Ian. Pattern of Sounds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  6. ^ Maddieson, Ian; Precoda, Kristin (1990). Updating UPSID. Vol. 74. Department of Linguistics, UCLA. pp. 104–111.
  7. ^ Moran, Steven; McCloy, Daniel, eds. (2019). "Huastec sound inventory (UPSID)". UCLA Phonological Segment Inventory Database. Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. j̟
  8. ^ "PHOIBLE 2.0 - Consonant j̟". phoible.org. Retrieved 2023-12-30. j̟