Volcanic and igneous plumbing systems

Schematic sketch of the volcanic and igneous plumbing systems (after Burchardt, 2018).[1][2]

Volcanic and igneous plumbing systems (VIPS) consist of interconnected magma channels and chambers through which magma flows and is stored within Earth's crust.[1] Volcanic plumbing systems can be found in all active tectonic settings, such as mid-oceanic ridges, subduction zones, and mantle plumes, when magmas generated in continental lithosphere, oceanic lithosphere, and in the sub-lithospheric mantle are transported. Magma is first generated by partial melting, followed by segregation and extraction from the source rock to separate the melt from the solid.[1] As magma propagates upwards, a self-organised network of magma channels develops, transporting the melt from lower crust to upper regions.[1] Channelled ascent mechanisms include the formation of dykes[3] and ductile fractures that transport the melt in conduits.[4] For bulk transportation, diapirs carry a large volume of melt and ascent through the crust.[5] When magma stops ascending, or when magma supply stops, magma emplacement occurs.[2] Different mechanisms of emplacement result in different structures, including plutons, sills, laccoliths and lopoliths.[4]

  1. ^ a b c d Burchardt, S. (2018-01-01). "Introduction to Volcanic and Igneous Plumbing Systems—Developing a Discipline and Common Concepts". In Burchardt, S. (ed.). Volcanic and Igneous Plumbing Systems: Understanding Magma Transport, Storage, and Evolution in the Earth's Crust. Elsevier. pp. 1–12. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809749-6.00001-7. ISBN 978-0-12-809749-6.
  2. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference :4 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Mathieu, L.; van Wyk de Vries, B.; Holohan, Eoghan P.; Troll, Valentin R. (2008-07-15). "Dykes, cups, saucers and sills: Analogue experiments on magma intrusion into brittle rocks". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 271 (1): 1–13. Bibcode:2008E&PSL.271....1M. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.02.020. ISSN 0012-821X.
  4. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference ch2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference :2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).