| Wangpulen | |
|---|---|
water, rain, flood, disease | |
| Member of Lainingthous and Maikei Ngaakpa Lais | |
,_inside_the_Kangla_Fort_in_Imphal.jpg) Wangpulen and his divine consort, worshipped in the forms of Meitei dragons, inside the Kangla Fort in Imphal | |
| Other names | Khana Chaoba |
| Affiliation | Meitei mythology and Sanamahism |
| Major cult center | Sugnu |
| Abode | underwater world |
| Texts | Wakoklon Heelel Thilel Salai Amailon Pukok |
| Gender | Male |
| Region | Manipur |
| Ethnic group | Meitei ethnicity |
| Festivals | Lai Haraoba |
| Consort | Shangnu |
| Offspring | Lok Ningthou |
| Equivalents | |
| Greek | Poseidon, Oceanus |
| Part of a series on |
| Meitei mythology |
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Wangpulen (Meitei: ꯋꯥꯡꯄꯨꯂꯦꯟ) is the god of water, rain, flood, disease and sickness in Meitei mythology and Sanamahism. He is the ruler of the underwater world.[1][2][3] He is the Lord of the rivers.[4] The guardianship of the south eastern direction is alluded to Wangbren and the other directions to Koupalu (north west), Marjing (north east) and Thangjing (south west).[4][5] He is one of the Umang Lais.[6][7]
He has a strong connection with the Anāl Naga people for marrying a lady from Khullen village.[8][9] Among the cult centres dedicated to him, the one at Sugnu is the most significant in Meitei pantheon.[4][10]
- ^ Devi, Lairenlakpam Bino (2002). The Lois of Manipur: Andro, Khurkhul, Phayeng and Sekmai. Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-81-7099-849-5.
- ^ Chaudhury, Sukant Kumar (2006-01-01). Culture, Ecology, and Sustainable Development. Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-81-8324-132-8.
- ^ Roy, L. Somi (2021-06-21). And That Is Why... Manipuri Myths Retold. Penguin Random House India Private Limited. ISBN 978-93-91149-65-9.
- ^ a b c Chaki-Sircar, Manjusri (1984). Feminism in a traditional society : women of the Manipur Valley. Shakti Books. p. 116. ISBN 9780706919677 – via archive.org.
- ^ Dzüvichü, Lipokmar; Baruah, Manjeet (2017-11-13). Modern Practices in North East India: History, Culture, Representation. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-351-27134-9.
- ^ Ghosh, G. K. (2008). Bamboo: The Wonderful Grass. APH Publishing. ISBN 978-81-313-0369-6.
- ^ Tree symbol worship in India; a new survey of a pattern of folk-religion. Calcutta, Indian Publications. 1965. p. 88 – via archive.org.
- ^ "Wangbren-Shangnu legend testifies age-old hill-valley bond". e-pao.net.
- ^ "WANGBREN-SHANGNU LEGEND TESTIFIES AGE-OLD HILL-VALLEY BOND". www.pothashang.in. 6 November 2017.
- ^ Miri, Sujata (2004). Rationality and Tribal Thought. Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-81-7099-912-6.