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A waqf (Arabic: وَقْف; [ˈwɑqf], plural awqaf أَوْقَاف), also called a ḥabs (حَبْس, plural ḥubūs حُبوس or aḥbās أَحْباس), or mortmain property, is an inalienable charitable endowment under Islamic law. It typically involves donating a building, plot of land or other assets for Muslim religious or charitable purposes with no intention of reclaiming the assets.[1] A charitable trust may hold the donated assets. The person making such dedication is known as a waqif ('donor') who uses a mutawalli ('trustee') to manage the property in exchange for a share of the revenues it generates.[2] A waqf allows the state to provide social services in accordance with Islamic law while contributing to the preservation of cultural and historical sites.[3] Although the waqf system depended on several hadiths and presented elements similar to practices from pre-Islamic cultures, it seems that the specific full-fledged Islamic legal form of endowment called waqf dates from the 9th century AD (see § History and location below).
- ^ "What is Waqf". Awqaf SA. Archived from the original on 10 October 2014. Retrieved 29 March 2018.
- ^ Khalfan, Khalfan Amour; Ogura, Nobuyuki (2012). "Sustainable Architectural Conservation according to Traditions of Islamic waqf : the World Heritage–listed Stone Town of Zanzibar". International Journal of Heritage Studies. 18 (6): 588–604. doi:10.1080/13527258.2011.607175. ISSN 1352-7258.
- ^ Baqutayan, Shadiya Mohamed S.; Ariffin, Aini Suzana; Mohsin, Magda Ismail A.; Mahdzir, Akbariah Mohd (1 July 2018). "Waqf Between the Past and Present" (PDF). Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. 9 (4): 149–155. doi:10.2478/mjss-2018-0124. ISSN 2039-2117.