Warren Howard Hayes | |
|---|---|
 W.H. Hayes, Cornell 1871[1] | |
| Born | August 22, 1847 |
| Died | 1899 |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | Architect |
| Buildings | Fowler Methodist Episcopal Church, Central Presbyterian Church (St. Paul, Minnesota), Lodi Methodist Church, Wesley United Methodist Church (Minneapolis, Minnesota), First Presbyterian Church (Hastings, Minnesota) |
Warren Howard Hayes (1847–1899) was a leading designer of churches in the United States and Canada during the late 19th century. Hayes' work holds a significant place in its association with the "Social Gospel" movement. He is credited with some of the earliest use of the "diagonal auditorium" plan and the vast majority of his churches uncovered to date are centered on the diagonal auditorium design with fan shaped pew arrangements and, to assure excellent acoustics, the seating sloping toward the pulpit and domed ceilings. As noted at the opening of the Rockville Ct. Congregational Church:
The acoustic properties of the auditorium are something wonderful. The pastor says he never before spoke in church or hall which can compare with it in this respect. There are yet to be added a protected desk light for the pulpit and a shaded reflector for the organ. The seating capacity of the auditorium is 600, of the gallery 300, of the chapel 300. This capacity can be extended by placing chairs in vacant spaces without obstructing any aisles from 100 to 200 more. —Warren H. Hayes of Minneapolis.[2]
Often the interiors have Arts and Crafts movement attributes, and some of the congregations accepted Hayes recommendations of Louis Tiffany for their stained glass.
From early in his career Hayes worked closely with artists-decorators, such as Lawrence A. McIvor, who worked for Hayes in Elmira, and later followed him to Minneapolis where he worked as the L.A. McIvor & Company.[3] While attentive to the look and sounds of his churches, Hayes also was an early adopter of advanced mechanical and electrical systems.[4]
The National Register of Historic Places currently includes seven of his works in Minnesota[5] and the Methodist Episcopal Church at Lodi, New York.
Hayes was deeply involved in the institutional church movement throughout his career, and although he was a Methodist, he had extensive ties with other denominations. This is well illustrated in the nationwide dissemination by various church organizations charged with promoting church building and development of his ideas and plans in the late 19th century.
- ^ Department of Manuscripts and University Archives, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
- ^ National Council of the Congregational Churches of the United States. Publishing Committee; National Council of the Congregational Churches of the United States. Executive Committee (1891). Congregational Year Book. Congregational Publishing Society. p. 9. Retrieved 2015-06-04.
- ^ Hudson, H.B. (1908). A Half Century of Minneapolis: Ed. by Horace B. Hudson ... Hudson Publishing Company. pp. 1–425. Retrieved 2015-06-04.
- ^ Buffalo Forge Company (1892). Illustrated General Catalogue: Of the Buffalo Steel Plate Steam and Pulley Fans, ... Etc. The Company. p. 94. Retrieved 2015-06-04.
- ^ "Results of National Register Property Search". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved 2009-03-22.