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July 1
The works of American author Edgar Allan Poe include many poems, short stories and one novel. His fiction spans multiple genres, including horror fiction, adventure fiction and science fiction, as well as detective fiction, a genre he is credited with inventing. These works are generally considered part of the dark romanticism movement, a literary reaction to transcendentalism. Poe's literary career began in 1827 with the release of 50 copies of Tamerlane and Other Poems credited only to "a Bostonian", a collection of early poems that received virtually no attention. One of his most important works, "The Murders in the Rue Morgue", was published in 1841 and is considered the first modern detective story. Poe became a household name with the publication of "The Raven" in 1845, though it was not a financial success. (Full list...)
July 5
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The 2014 Tour de France was contested by 22 teams. It was the 101st edition of the race, one of cycling's Grand Tours. All of the eighteen UCI ProTeams were automatically invited and obliged to attend the race. On 14 January 2015, the organiser of the Tour, Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO), announced the four second-tier UCI Professional Continental teams given wildcard invitations: Cofidis, NetApp–Endura, Bretagne–Séché Environnement and IAM Cycling. Each squad was allowed a maximum of nine riders, therefore the start list contained a total of 198 riders. Of these, 47 were riding the Tour de France for the first time. The total number of riders that finished the race was 174, from 34 countries. Marcel Kittel of Giant–Shimano was the first rider to wear the general classification's yellow jersey after winning stage one. He lost it after the next stage to Vincenzo Nibali (pictured) of Astana, who won the stage. Nibali held the race lead until the end of the ninth stage, when it was taken by Lotto–Belisol's Tony Gallopin. The yellow jersey returned to Nibali the following stage; he held it until the conclusion of the race. (Full list...)
July 8
3D Realms games include Commander Keen and Wolfenstein 3D, as well as the Duke Nukem franchise. 3D Realms was founded in 1987 as Apogee Software by Scott Miller to publish his game Kingdom of Kroz. Prior to Apogee's founding, Miller had released a few games he had developed himself, as well as a couple "packs" of games developed by himself and others, under a shareware distribution model whereby the games were distributed for free in return for donations. Miller found that the standard shareware model was not viable for his games such as Beyond the Titanic (1986) and Supernova (1987); beginning with Kroz, the company pioneered the "Apogee model" of shareware distribution, wherein games were broken up into segments, with the first part released for free to drive interest in the other monetized portions. Soon after its founding, Apogee began publishing titles by other developers in addition to titles by Miller. In 1994, Apogee decided to launch different brand names for each genre of games they published; it created 3D Realms for 3D games. (Full list...)
July 12
The English industrial metal band Godflesh have released eight studio albums and six extended plays, along with a number of singles, compilations and remix and live albums. The group formed in 1982 under the name Fall of Because, but they did not release any music (outside of a 1986 demo tape titled Extirpate) until 1988, when Justin Broadrick and G. C. Green changed the project's name to Godflesh and recorded a self-titled debut EP. That EP, released through the independent label Swordfish, was met with underground success and has since been recognised as one of the first industrial metal releases, if not the first. Their next release, their first through Earache Records, Streetcleaner (1989), garnered even more recognition for its musical importance. Godflesh recorded Pure in 1992, which has drawn retrospective recognition as a significant release in the post-metal genre. (Full list...)
July 15
There are 53 Grade I listed buildings in Sedgemoor, 14 of which are on Castle Street, Bridgwater. Sedgemoor is a local government district in the English county of Somerset. In the United Kingdom, the term listed building refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical or cultural significance; Grade I structures are those considered to be "buildings of exceptional interest". From 1723 to 1728, Castle Street was built on the site of the demolished Bridgwater Castle, as homes for the merchants trading in the town's port. Outside the town of Bridgwater, the largest concentration of Grade I listed buildings are in the village of Cannington, where the 12th-century Cannington Court (pictured) and 14th-century St Mary's Church were both associated with a Benedictine nunnery. Most of the Grade I listed buildings in Sedgemoor are Norman- or medieval-era churches, many of which are included in the Somerset towers, a collection of distinctive, mostly spireless Gothic church towers. (This list is part of a featured topic: Grade I listed buildings in Somerset.)
July 19
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The 2003 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film Kal Ho Naa Ho won 35 awards from 78 nominations. Directed by Nikkhil Advani, the film features Jaya Bachchan (pictured), Shah Rukh Khan, Saif Ali Khan and Preity Zinta in the lead roles. At the 51st National Film Awards, Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy and Sonu Nigam won for Best Music Direction and Best Male Playback Singer, respectively. Kal Ho Naa Ho led the 49th Filmfare Awards with eleven nominations, including for Best Film (Karan Johar and Yash Johar), Best Director (Advani) and Best Actor (Shah Rukh Khan). It went on to win in eight categories, including for Best Actress (Zinta), Best Supporting Actor (Saif Ali Khan) and Best Supporting Actress (Bachchan). The film won thirteen awards out of seventeen nominations at the 5th IIFA Awards, including Best Film, Best Actress (Zinta), Best Supporting Actor (Saif Ali Khan) and Best Supporting Actress (Bachchan). (Full list...)
July 22
The King Clancy Memorial Trophy is awarded annually to the National Hockey League (NHL) player who best exemplifies leadership qualities on and off the ice and who has made a significant humanitarian contribution to his community. The winner is chosen by "a special panel of representatives" from the Professional Hockey Writers' Association and the NHL Broadcasters' Association. The trophy is named in honour of Francis M. "King" Clancy, a former player for the Ottawa Senators and Toronto Maple Leafs, who later went on to become a coach, referee and team executive. The trophy was first awarded in 1988 and was presented to the NHL by Maple Leafs owner Harold Ballard, who called Clancy "one of the greatest humanitarians that ever lived". Five teams have had more than one player win the award. Three members of the Vancouver Canucks, Edmonton Oilers, Calgary Flames and Boston Bruins, have each won the award. Henrik Sedin is the only player who has won it more than once. Henrik and his brother Daniel (both pictured) are the only recipients to have won the trophy jointly. The most recent winner, for the 2018–19 season, is Jason Zucker. (Full list...)
July 26
The 2012 Pacific hurricane season was an above-average year in which seventeen named storms formed. The hurricane season officially began on May 15 with the formation of Tropical Storm Aletta in the East Pacific and ended on November 30 in both basins. The season produced seventeen tropical storms; ten became hurricanes, while five further intensified into major hurricanes. Impact during the season was relatively minimal. In late May, Hurricane Bud paralleled the western Mexico coastline before dissipating, causing minor damage but no reported fatalities. In mid-June, Hurricane Carlotta (pictured) came ashore in Oaxaca at Category 2 hurricane intensity, making it the easternmost tropical cyclone in the basin to make landfall at hurricane intensity since 1966. The storm killed seven and caused $12.4 million (2012 USD) in damage. (Full list...)
July 29
The Billboard Latin Music Award for Hot Latin Song of the Year is an honor presented annually at the Billboard Latin Music Awards, a ceremony which honors "the most popular albums, songs and performers in Latin music, as determined by the actual sales, radio airplay, online streaming and social data that informs Billboard's weekly charts." The award is given to the best performing singles on Billboard's Hot Latin Songs chart, which measures the most popular Latin recordings in the United States. Enrique Iglesias (pictured) and Nicky Jam are the most awarded acts in the category, with three wins each. Alejandro Fernández, Wisin & Yandel, Don Omar, Romeo Santos, Ozuna and Nicky Jam are the only acts with two nominated songs in the same year, a milestone achieved twice by Santos. (Full list...)