William A. Eddy

This article is about a professor and politician. For the accountant, journalist and kite pioneer, see William Abner Eddy.
Ibn Saud converses with U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt (right) on board the USS Quincy after the Yalta Conference. Eddy is kneeling on the left and speaking with the King.

William Alfred Eddy, Ph.D., Col., USMC (March 9, 1896 – May 3, 1962) was a U.S. minister to Saudi Arabia (1944–1946); university professor and college president (1936–1942); U.S. Marine Corps officer, serving in World War I and World War II; and U.S. intelligence officer.

After serving in World War I, Eddy had an academic career as a literary scholar and professor of English, at Dartmouth College and the American University in Cairo. He was later president of both Hobart College and William Smith College (1936–1942). Eddy returned to military service just before the start of World War II, serving as an intelligence officer.

From 1943 to 1945, he was the U.S. Minister to Saudi Arabia, a consultant for the Arabian American Oil Company (Aramco) and an instrumental figure in the development of the United States' relationship with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and other Middle Eastern countries. He was a key figure in the formation of the CIA.

In 2008, Arabian Knight: Colonel Bill Eddy USMC and the Rise of American Power in the Middle East, the first biography on him, was published by Selwa Press. It is written by the Middle East specialist, author and Washington Post journalist Thomas Lippman.