William Brown was an American ship that sank in 1841, taking with her 31 passengers. The survivors took to two boats, which later separated to increase their chances of being found. Nine crewmen and 32 passengers occupied the overloaded longboat. At the instigation of the first mate, who was placed in charge by the captain, some of the crew, Alexander Holmes among them, forced 12 of the adult male passengers out of the boat. In the case of United States v. Holmes, Holmes – the only crewman who could be found – was charged with murder and convicted of manslaughter for his actions.
The case has continued to be used in academic contexts to teach students and also spark debate in legal scholarship regarding the nature of "necessity" as a legal defense.[1][2][3][4]
^Waldron, Jeremy (1 April 2010). Wacherhiauser, Kier B.; Schroeder, Nancy Lynn; Downey, Rachel A.; Carter, Molly E. (eds.). "A majority in the lifeboat"(PDF). Boston University Law Review. 90 (2). Boston, Massachusetts, United States: Boston University: 1043–1058.