Winlogon

Classic "Begin logon" dialog box on Windows XP
Windows 11 lock screen, requiring user to press Ctrl+Alt+Delete.

Winlogon (Windows Logon) is the component of Microsoft Windows operating systems that is responsible for handling the secure attention sequence, loading the user profile on logon, creates the desktops for the window station, and optionally locking the computer when a screensaver is running (requiring another authentication step). The roles and responsibilities of Winlogon have changed significantly in Windows Vista and later operating systems.