Woking

Woking Borough of Woking
Town and non-metropolitan borough
Woking town centre from the west
Motto(s):  Fide et Diligentia (Latin for 'By faith and diligence')[1]
The Borough of Woking in Surrey
Coordinates: 51°19′13″N 00°33′24″W / 51.32028°N 0.55667°W / 51.32028; -0.55667
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Constituent country	England
Region	South East England
Non-metropolitan county	Surrey
Status	Non-metropolitan district
Admin HQ	Woking
Incorporated	1 April 1974
Government
• Type	Non-metropolitan district council
• Body	Woking Borough Council
• Leadership	Leader & Cabinet
• MPs	Will Forster (Liberal Democrats)
Area
• Total	24.6 sq mi (63.6 km2)
• Rank	232nd (of 296)
Population  (2021)[2]
• Total	103,900 (estimated)
• Rank	228th (of 296)
Ethnicity (2021) [3]
• Ethnic groups	List 78.4% White 14.2% Asian 3.5% Mixed 2.1% other 1.8% Black
Religion (2021) [3]
• Religion	List 47.6% Christianity 33.3% no religion 9.4% Islam 5.8% not stated 2.4% Hinduism 0.6% Buddhism 0.5% other 0.3% Sikhism 0.2% Judaism
Time zone	UTC0 (GMT)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+1 (BST)
ONS code	43UM (ONS) E07000217 (GSS)
OS grid reference	TQ0040358550
Website	www.woking.gov.uk

Woking (/ˈwoʊkɪŋ/ WOH-king) is a town and borough in northwest Surrey, England, around 23 mi (36 km) from central London. It appears in Domesday Book as Wochinges, and its name probably derives from that of a Saxon landowner. The earliest evidence of human activity is from the Paleolithic, but the low fertility of the sandy local soils meant that the area was the least populated part of the county in 1086. Between the mid-17th and mid-19th centuries, new transport links were constructed, including the Wey Navigation, Basingstoke Canal and London to Southampton railway line. The modern town was established in the mid-1860s, as the London Necropolis Company began to sell surplus land surrounding the railway station for development.

Modern local government in Woking began with the creation of the Woking Local Board in 1893, which became Woking Urban District Council (UDC) in 1894. The urban district was significantly enlarged in 1907 when it took in the parish of Horsell, and again in 1933 when it took in the parishes of Byfleet and Pyrford. The UDC was granted a coat of arms in 1930 and Woking gained borough status in the 1974 reorganisation of local government. In 2022, a total of 30 elected representatives serves on the council, each with a term length of four years.

The Borough of Woking covers 64 km² (25 sq mi) and had a population of 103,900 in 2021.^[2] The main urban centre stretches from Knaphill in the west to Byfleet in the east, but the satellite villages of Brookwood, Mayford, Pyrford and Old Woking retain strong individual identities. Around 60% of the borough is protected by the Metropolitan Green Belt, which severely limits the potential for further housebuilding. Recent developments have included the construction of two residential tower blocks in the town centre and the conversion of former industrial buildings to apartments. There are six Sites of Special Scientific Interest within the borough boundaries, of which three form part of the Thames Basin Heaths Special Protection Area.

Almost the entire town centre dates from the 20th and 21st centuries. Elsewhere in the borough, there are several historic buildings, including the ruins of Woking Palace, a royal residence of Henry VII and Henry VIII. Parts of St Peter's Church in Old Woking date from the reign of William I and Sutton Place, built for Richard Weston c. 1525, is one of the earliest unfortified houses in England. The Shah Jahan Mosque, constructed in 1889, was the first purpose-built Muslim place of worship in the UK. There are numerous works of public art in the town centre, including a statue of the author, H. G. Wells, who wrote The War of the Worlds while living in Maybury Road. Much of the novel is set in the Woking area.