Wuliuan

Wuliuan
Wuliuan
~509 – ~504.5 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Chronology
←	Orsten Fauna
←	Burgess Shale
←	Kaili biota
←	Archaeocyatha extinction
←	Emu Bay Shale
←	Sirius Passet biota
←	Chengjiang biota
←	First Trilobites
←	SSF diversification, first brachiopods & archaeocyatha
←	First halkieriids, mollusсs, hyoliths SSF
←	Baykonurian glaciation
←	Dresbachian extinction
	Major Glacial period
	Subdivision of the Cambrian according to the ICS, as of 2023.; Vertical axis scale: Millions of years ago;
Etymology
Name formality	Formal
Name ratified	2018
Former name(s)	Cambrian Stage 5
Usage information
Celestial body	Earth
Regional usage	Global (ICS)
Time scale(s) used	ICS Time Scale
Definition
Chronological unit	Age
Stratigraphic unit	Stage
First proposed by	Zhao et al., 2018
Time span formality	Formal
Lower boundary definition	FAD of Oryctocephalus indicus.
Lower boundary GSSP	Wuliu-Zengjiayan, Guizhou, China; 26°04′51″N 108°24′50″E / 26.0807°N 108.4138°E
Lower GSSP ratified	2018
Upper boundary definition	FAD of the Trilobite Ptychagnostus atavus
Upper boundary GSSP	Drumian section, Wheeler Shale, Utah, U.S.A.; 39°30′42″N 112°59′29″W / 39.5117°N 112.9915°W
Upper GSSP ratified	2006

The Wuliuan stage is the fifth stage of the Cambrian, and the first stage of the Miaolingian Series of the Cambrian. It was formally defined by the International Commission on Stratigraphy in 2018.^[5] Its base is defined by the first appearance of the trilobite species Oryctocephalus indicus; it ends with the beginning of the Drumian Stage, marked by the first appearance of the trilobite Ptychagnostus atavus around 504.5 million years ago.^[6]

The 'golden spike' that formally defines the base of the age is driven into the Wuliu-Zengjiayan (乌溜-曾家崖) section of the Kaili formation, near Balang Village in the Miaoling Mountains, Guizhou, China.^[7]

^ "International Chronostratigraphic Chart" (PDF). International Commission on Stratigraphy. September 2023. Retrieved November 10, 2024.
^ ^a ^b Yuanlong Zhao; Jinliang Yuan; Loren E. Babcock; Qingjun Guo; Jin Peng; Leiming Yin; Xinglian Yang; Shanchi Peng; Chunjiang Wang; Robert R. Gaines; Jorge Esteve; Tongsu Tai; Ruidong Yang; Yue Wang; Haijing Sun; Yuning Yang (June 2019). "Global Standard Stratotype-Section and Point (GSSP) for the conterminous base of the Miaolingian Series and Wuliuan Stage (Cambrian) at Balang, Jianhe, Guizhou, China" (PDF). Episodes. 42 (2): 165–184. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2019/019013. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-03-04. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
^ Yuanlong, Zhao; Jinliang, Yuan; Babcock, Loren; Qingjun, Guo; Jin, Peng; Leiming, Yin; Xinglian, Yang; Chunjiang, Wang; Gaines, Robert; Esteve, Jorge; Ruidong, Yang; Yuning, Yang; Haijing, Sun; Tongsu, Tai. "Global Standard Stratotype-Section and Point (GSSP) for the conterminous base of the Miaolingian Series and Wuliuan Stage (Cambrian) at Balang, Jianhe, Guizhou, China" (PDF). Epizodes. 42 (2): 1–20. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-03-04.
^ Babcock, Loren; Robison, Richard; Rees, Margaret; Peng, Shanchi; Saltzman, Matthew (June 2007). "The Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Drumian Stage (Cambrian) in the Drum Mountains, Utah, USA" (PDF). Episodes. 30 (2): 84–94. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2007/v30i2/003. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-04-09. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
^ "ChronostratChart2018-08" (PDF). International Commission on Stratigraphy. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 July 2018.
^ "GSSP Table - Paleozoic Era". Archived from the original on 2023-10-08. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
^ Ahlberg, Per; Babcock, Loren E. "Subcommission on Cambrian Stratigraphy Annual Report 2017" (PDF). International Commission on Stratigraphy. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-07-16. Retrieved 2024-03-28.

[1] "International Chronostratigraphic Chart" (PDF). International Commission on Stratigraphy. September 2023. Retrieved November 10, 2024.

[Zhao2019-2] Yuanlong Zhao; Jinliang Yuan; Loren E. Babcock; Qingjun Guo; Jin Peng; Leiming Yin; Xinglian Yang; Shanchi Peng; Chunjiang Wang; Robert R. Gaines; Jorge Esteve; Tongsu Tai; Ruidong Yang; Yue Wang; Haijing Sun; Yuning Yang (June 2019). "Global Standard Stratotype-Section and Point (GSSP) for the conterminous base of the Miaolingian Series and Wuliuan Stage (Cambrian) at Balang, Jianhe, Guizhou, China" (PDF). Episodes. 42 (2): 165–184. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2019/019013. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-03-04. Retrieved 2024-03-28.

[3] Yuanlong, Zhao; Jinliang, Yuan; Babcock, Loren; Qingjun, Guo; Jin, Peng; Leiming, Yin; Xinglian, Yang; Chunjiang, Wang; Gaines, Robert; Esteve, Jorge; Ruidong, Yang; Yuning, Yang; Haijing, Sun; Tongsu, Tai. "Global Standard Stratotype-Section and Point (GSSP) for the conterminous base of the Miaolingian Series and Wuliuan Stage (Cambrian) at Balang, Jianhe, Guizhou, China" (PDF). Epizodes. 42 (2): 1–20. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-03-04.

[4] Babcock, Loren; Robison, Richard; Rees, Margaret; Peng, Shanchi; Saltzman, Matthew (June 2007). "The Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Drumian Stage (Cambrian) in the Drum Mountains, Utah, USA" (PDF). Episodes. 30 (2): 84–94. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2007/v30i2/003. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-04-09. Retrieved 2024-03-28.

[5] "ChronostratChart2018-08" (PDF). International Commission on Stratigraphy. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 July 2018.

[GSSP_Table_-_Paleozoic_Era-6] "GSSP Table - Paleozoic Era". Archived from the original on 2023-10-08. Retrieved 2024-03-28.

[7] Ahlberg, Per; Babcock, Loren E. "Subcommission on Cambrian Stratigraphy Annual Report 2017" (PDF). International Commission on Stratigraphy. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-07-16. Retrieved 2024-03-28.

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