Xenophobia

A 1912 xenophobic cartoon blaming foreigners for threatening economic prosperity in the United States

Xenophobia (from Ancient Greek: ξένος (xénos), "strange, foreign, or alien", and φόβος (phóbos), "fear")[1] is the fear or dislike of anything that is perceived as being foreign or strange.[2][3][4] It is an expression that is based on the perception that a conflict exists between an in-group and an out-group and it may manifest itself in suspicion of one group's activities by members of the other group, a desire to eliminate the presence of the group that is the target of suspicion, and fear of losing a national, ethnic, or racial identity.[5][6]

  1. ^ Oxford Standard English Dictionary' (OED). Oxford Press, 2004, CDROM version.
  2. ^ "xenophobia". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 31 December 2019.
  3. ^ "xenophobia". Dictionary.com Unabridged (Online). n.d.
  4. ^ "xenophobia". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 22 April 2019.
  5. ^ Guido Bolaffi. Dictionary of race, ethnicity and culture. SAGE Publications Ltd., 2003. Pp. 332.
  6. ^ "International Migration, Racism, Discrimination and Xenophobia" (PDF). International Labour Office; International Organization for Migration; Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. August 2001. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 March 2019.