 | This article is missing information about recruitment. (May 2022) |
| Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps | |
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.svg) National Emblem of the People's Republic of China | |
| Active | 1954 – present |
| Country |  People's Republic of China |
| Allegiance |  Chinese Communist Party |
| Type | State-owned enterprise Paramilitary organisation |
| Size | 2.6 million |
| Headquarters and area served | Ürümqi & Xinjiang |
| Nickname(s) | XPCC Bingtuan ("The Corps") |
| Divisions | 14 |
| Website | www |
| Commanders | |
| First Political Commissar | Ma Xingrui |
| Political Commissar and Party Secretary | He Zhongyou |
| Commander | Xue Bin |
| Notable commanders | Tao Zhiyue[1] |
| Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps | |||||||
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| Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 新疆生产建设兵团 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 新疆生產建設兵團 | ||||||
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| Alternative Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 新疆兵团 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 新疆兵團 | ||||||
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| Second alternative Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 兵团 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 兵團 | ||||||
| Literal meaning | The Corps | ||||||
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| China Xinjian Group | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 中国新建集团 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 中國新建集團 | ||||||
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| Uyghur name | |||||||
| Uyghur | شىنجاڭ ئىشلەپچىقىرىش قۇرۇلۇش بىڭتۇەنى | ||||||
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| History of Xinjiang |
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The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC; 新疆生产建设兵团; 新疆兵团), also known as Bingtuan ("The Corps"), trading with the external name China Xinjiang Group,[2] is a state-owned enterprise and paramilitary organization in China's Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.
The XPCC was established in 1954 under the orders of Mao Zedong, and developed sparsely populated areas in its early decades, taking the model of the traditional tuntian system of setting military units in frontier areas. The XPCC was severely damaged during the Cultural Revolution, and was outright abolished in 1975, before being re-established in 1981, partly due to the Soviet-Afghan War. It re-established its economic dominance over Xinjiang afterwards, also being responsible for maintenance against the "three evils" (separatism, religious extremism, and terrorism). In its history, the XPCC has built farms, towns, and cities, provided land and employment to disbanded military units, and re-settled Han migrants from other parts of China in what has been called a campaign of assimilation.
The XPCC operates cities, where it provides prisons, healthcare, policing, judiciary, and education, and has stakes in numerous publicly traded companies. It is extensively involved in economic, political and military affairs of Xinjiang, being called a "state in a state".[3][4] It is led by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Xinjiang Committee secretary, currently Ma Xingrui, though the CCP secretary of the XPCC handles the daily affairs of the organization.[citation needed]
- ^ "Tao Zhiyue 1892 - 1988)" in James Z. Gao: Historical Dictionary of Modern China (1800–1949), p. 358, 2009, Scarecrow Press
- ^ "Establishment, Development and Role of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps". China Internet Information Center. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 31 October 2010.
- ^ Allen-Ebrahimian, Bethany (26 July 2022). "Xinjiang paramilitary group plays "critical role" in Uyghur repression, report finds". Axios. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
- ^ Murphy, Laura T.; Elimä, Nyrola; Tobin, David (July 2022). "Until Nothing Is Left: China's Settler Corporation and its Human Rights Violations in the Uyghur Region. A Report on the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps". Helena Kennedy Centre. Sheffield Hallam University. Archived from the original on 27 July 2022. Retrieved 26 July 2022.