Xylose

d-Xylose
D-Xylopyranose
D-Xylopyranose
Xylofuranose
Xylofuranose
Xylose chair
Xylose linear
Names
IUPAC name
d-Xylose
Other names
(+)-Xylose
Wood sugar
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.043.072 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 200-400-7
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C5H10O5/c6-2-1-10-5(9)4(8)3(2)7/h2-9H,1H2/t2-,3+,4-,5?/m1/s1 ☒N
    Key: SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N ☒N
  • InChI=1/C5H10O5/c6-2-1-10-5(9)4(8)3(2)7/h2-9H,1H2/t2-,3+,4-,5?/m1/s1
    Key: SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUBL
  • C1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C(O1)O)O)O)O
Properties[1][2]
C
5
H
10
O
5
Molar mass 150.13 g/mol
Appearance monoclinic needles or prisms, colourless
Density 1.525 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Melting point 144 to 145 °C (291 to 293 °F; 417 to 418 K)
+22.5° (CHCl
3
)
-84.80·10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g. canola oilInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
1
1
0
Related compounds
Related aldopentoses
Arabinose
Ribose
Lyxose
Related compounds
Xylulose
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Xylose (cf. Ancient Greek: ξύλον, xylon, "wood") is a sugar first isolated from wood, and named for it. Xylose is classified as a monosaccharide of the aldopentose type, which means that it contains five carbon atoms and includes an aldehyde functional group. It is derived from hemicellulose, one of the main constituents of biomass. Like most sugars, it can adopt several structures depending on conditions. With its free aldehyde group, it is a reducing sugar.

  1. ^ The Merck Index: An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals (11th ed.), Merck, 1989, ISBN 091191028X, 9995.
  2. ^ Weast, Robert C., ed. (1981). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (62nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. C-574. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8..