Yettishar

Yettishar
یته شهر خانلیگی (Chagatay)
يەتتەشەھەر خانلىقى (Uyghur)
Yettesheher Khanliqi (ULY)
1864–1877
Flag of Yettishar
Map of the Dungan Revolt
Map of the Dungan Revolt
StatusVassal of the Ottoman Empire (1873–1877)
CapitalKashgar
Religion
Sunni Islam
GovernmentIslamic absolute monarchy
Emir 
• 1864–1865
Ghazi Khatib Khoja[1]
• 1865–1877
Yakub Beg
History 
• Established
12 November 1864
18 December 1877
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Qing Empire
Qing Empire
Today part ofChina
Yettishar
Uyghur name
Uyghurيەتتەشەھەر خانلىقى
Transcriptions
Latin YëziqiYettesheher Khanliqi
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese哲德沙爾汗國
Simplified Chinese哲德沙尔汗国
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhédéshā'ěr Hànguó
Chagatay name
Chagatayیته شهر خانلیگی

Yettishar[a] (Chagatai: یته شهر; Uyghur: يەتتەشەھەر; lit.'Seven Cities' or 'Heptapolis'), also known as Kashgaria[4] or the Kashgar Emirate,[5] was a Turkic state in Xinjiang that existed from 1864 to 1877, during the Dungan Revolt against the Qing dynasty.[6][7] It was an Islamic monarchy ruled by Yakub Beg, a Kokandi who secured power in Kashgar (later made Yettishar's capital[8]) through a series of military and political manoeuvres.[4] Yettishar's eponymous seven cities were Kashgar, Khotan, Yarkand, Yengisar, Aksu, Kucha, and Korla.[9]

In 1873, the Ottoman Empire recognised Yettishar as a vassal state and Yakub Beg as its emir.[10]: 152–153  The Ottoman flag flew over Kashgar from 1873 to 1877.[5]

On 18 December 1877, the Qing army entered Kashgar and brought the state to an end.[7]

  1. ^ Sayrimi, Musa (2023). The Tarikh-i Hamidi. Columbia University Press. p. 111.
  2. ^ Klimeš, Ondřej (27 January 2015). Struggle by the Pen: The Uyghur Discourse of Nation and National Interest, c.1900–1949. Brill Publishers. p. 28. ISBN 978-90-04-28809-6. ... the region's name in original sources—Yette Sheher or Yettishahr (from Turkic and Persian, respectively, and meaning "Seven Cities" or "Heptapolis") ...
  3. ^ Bellér-Hann, Ildikó (2007). Situating the Uyghurs Between China and Central Asia. Ashgate Publishing. p. 39. ISBN 978-0-7546-7041-4.
  4. ^ a b "Yakub Beg: Tajik adventurer". Encyclopædia Britannica. 16 April 2024.
  5. ^ a b Rudelson, Justin Ben-Adam (1997). Oasis Identities: Uyghur Nationalism Along China's Silk Road. Columbia University Press. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-231-10787-7.
  6. ^ Alexandre Andreyev (2003). Soviet Russia and Tibet: The Debacle of Secret Diplomacy, 1918-1930s. Brill Publishers. p. 16. ISBN 9004129529 – via Google Books.
  7. ^ a b G. J. Alder (1963). British India's Northern Frontier 1865–95. Longmans Green. p. 67 – via Internet Archive.
  8. ^ Samah Ibrahim (29 January 2019). "China's Uighur Strategy and South Asian Risk". Future Directions International. Archived from the original on 30 September 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2020. The creation of the Islamic State of Yettishar (1865–1878), with its capital at Kashgar, which is in present-day Xinjiang, came about as the result of a series of uprisings in Xinjiang.
  9. ^ Svat Soucek, A History of Inner Asia (Cambridge University Press, 2000), p. 265.
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference kim was invoked but never defined (see the help page).


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