Yiddishism (Yiddish: ײִדישיזם) is a cultural and linguistic movement which began among Jews in Eastern Europe during the latter part of the 19th century.[1] Some of the leading founders of this movement were Mendele Moykher-Sforim (1836–1917),[2] I. L. Peretz (1852–1915), and Sholem Aleichem (1859–1916).[3] The Yiddishist movement gained popularity alongside the growth of the Jewish Labor Bund and other Jewish political movements, particularly in the Russian Empire and United States.[4] The movement also fluctuated throughout the 20th and 21st century because of the revival of the Hebrew language and the negative associations with the Yiddish language.