A yuanlingshan (Chinese: 圓領衫; pinyin: yuánlǐngshān; lit. 'round collar jacket') is a type of round-collared upper garment (shan) in the traditional Chinese style of clothing known as Hanfu; it is also referred to as a yuanlingpao (圓領袍; yuánlǐngpáo; 'round collar gown/robe') or a panlingpao (盤領袍; pánlǐngpáo) when used as a robe (called paofu[1]: 17 ).[2][3] The yuanlingshan and yuanlingpao were both developed under the influence of ancient Chinese clothing, known as Hufu, originating from the Donghu people during the early Han dynasty[4] and later by the Wuhu, including the Xianbei people, during the Six Dynasties period.[4] The yuanlingpao is an article of formal attire primarily worn by men, although in certain dynasties, such as the Tang dynasty, it was also fashionable for women to wear.[2] In the Tang dynasty, the yuanlingpao could be transformed into the fanlingpao using buttons.[5]
There are specific forms of yuanlingpao and yuanlingshan named for their decorations and construction; for example, the panling lanshan (盤領襴衫), also called lanshan (襴衫) for short,[6][3]bufu,[7]: 185–186 wulingshan (無領衫; 'collarless shirt'),[8][9]longpao (龍袍; 'dragon robe'), and mangfu (蟒服; 'python clothing').
^Hua, Mei (2011). Chinese clothing (Updated ed.). Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. ISBN978-0-521-18689-6. OCLC781020660.