Yuri Orlov

For the zoologist, see Yuri Alexandrovich Orlov.
Not to be confused with the fictional lead character in the film Lord of War.
In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customs, the patronymic is Fyodorovich and the family name is Orlov.
Yuri Fyodorovich Orlov
Юрий Фёдорович Орлов
Orlov in 1986
Born(1924-08-13)13 August 1924
Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
Died27 September 2020(2020-09-27) (aged 96)
Ithaca, New York, U.S.
NationalityRussian
Citizenship
Alma materMoscow State University, Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics
Known forhis scientific work and participation in human rights movement in the Soviet Union
Spouses
Childrensons Dmitri, Aleksandr,[7] Lev[3]
AwardsCarter-Menil Human Rights Prize (1986), honorary doctorate Uppsala University (1990)[1] Nicholson Medal for Humanitarian Service (1995), Andrei Sakharov Prize (APS) (2006), Robert R. Wilson Prize for Achievement in the Physics of Particle Accelerators American Physical Society (2020)[2]
Scientific career
FieldsAccelerator physics, Nuclear physics
Institutions
Orlov's voice
Recorded 11 May 2011
during an interview for Ekho Moskvy

Yuri Fyodorovich Orlov (Russian: Ю́рий Фёдорович Орло́в, 13 August 1924 – 27 September 2020) was a particle accelerator physicist,[8] human rights activist,[9] Soviet dissident,[10] founder of the Moscow Helsinki Group,[11] a founding member of the Soviet Amnesty International group.[12] He was declared a prisoner of conscience[13] while serving nine years in prison and internal exile for monitoring the Helsinki human rights accords, he was declared a prisoner of conscience by Amnesty International [14] as a founder of the human rights movement in the Soviet Union.[15] Following his release from exile, Orlov was allowed to emigrate to the U.S. and became a professor of physics at Cornell University.

  1. ^ "Honorary doctorates – Uppsala University, Sweden". 9 June 2023.
  2. ^ "2021 Robert R. Wilson Prize for Achievement in the Physics of Particle Accelerators Recipient". American Physical Society.
  3. ^ a b c "Орлов Юрий Федорович (р. 1924)" [Orlov Yuri Fyodorovich (b. 1924)] (in Russian). The Sakharov Center.
  4. ^ Shultz, George (1993). Turmoil and triumph: my years as secretary of state. Scribner's. p. 749. ISBN 978-0-684-19325-0.
  5. ^ "Yuri Orlov vows he'll continue to struggle for human rights". Kentucky New Era. 2 October 1986. p. 48.
  6. ^ "The Yuri Orlov file". The National Security Archive.
  7. ^ "Orlov receives maximum sentence" (PDF). The Ukrainian Weekly. Vol. LXXXV, no. 113. 21 May 1978. p. 2.
  8. ^ "Yuri Orlov (1924–2020)". CERN. Retrieved 2020-10-14.
  9. ^ Zellick, Graham (1980). "The Criminal Trial and the Disruptive Defendant". The Modern Law Review. 43 (2): 121–135. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2230.1980.tb01585.x.
  10. ^ Human Rights Watch World Report 1990. Human Rights Watch. 1991. p. 296.
  11. ^ "CERN turns its back on Yuri Orlov". New Scientist. 91 (1260): 4. 2 July 1981.
  12. ^ Garelik, Glenn (21 July 1991). "Science and dissidence". The Washington Post.
  13. ^ Halperin, Israel (1984). "Prisoners of conscience". Physics Today. 37 (12): 94. Bibcode:1984PhT....37l..94H. doi:10.1063/1.2916026.
  14. ^ "Orlov receives red carpet from Western science". New Scientist. 112 (1529): 16. 9 October 1986.
  15. ^ "Founder of the Soviet human-rights movement". U.S. News & World Report. 101 (16): 23. 10 October 1986. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.