Zhang Xianzhong

Zhang Xianzhong
張獻忠
張獻忠.jpg
Emperor of the Xi dynasty
Reign1644–1647
Born(1606-09-18)18 September 1606
Died2 January 1647(1647-01-02) (aged 40)
SpouseLady Chen (daughter of Chen Yan)
Names
Zhang Xianzhong
(張獻忠)
Era name and dates
Dashun (大順): 1644–1647
Posthumous name
Emperor Gao
(高皇帝)
Temple name
Taizu (太祖)
DynastyXi
Seal[note 1]
Zhang Xianzhong
Traditional Chinese張獻忠
Simplified Chinese张献忠
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhāng Xiànzhōng
Wade–GilesChang Hsien-chung

Zhang Xianzhong (張獻忠 or Chang Hsien-chung; 18 September 1606 – 2 January 1647), courtesy name Bingwu (秉吾), art name Jingxuan (敬軒), was a Chinese peasant leader who led a peasant rebellion from Yan'an wei, Shaanxi (today Yulin, Shaanxi province) during the Ming-Qing transition. He conquered Sichuan in 1644, and named himself king and later emperor[2] of the Xi dynasty. His rule in Sichuan was brief, and he was killed by the invading Qing army. He is commonly associated with the massacres in Sichuan that depopulated the region.[3][4] However, the extent of his killings is disputed.[5]

  1. ^ Huo Hongwei. "中国国家博物馆藏西王赏功钱考" (PDF) (in Chinese). China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House.
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference emp was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ "Skeletons of massacre victims uncovered at construction site". Shanghai Star. 11 April 2002. Archived from the original on 22 April 2006.
  4. ^ ""张献忠屠四川"非造假 成都曾挖出万人枯骨坑 ("Zhang Xianzhong's massacre of Sichuan" not fabricated, ten thousand human bones in pit excavated in Chengdu.)" (in Chinese). sc.people.com.cn. 8 April 2010. Archived from the original on 15 July 2012.
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference hu was invoked but never defined (see the help page).


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